Abstract: Objective To explore the application and effect of mind map in the rehabilitation guidance in laryngeal carcinoma patients after total laryngectomy. Methods Total 84 laryngeal carcinoma patients undergoing total laryngectomy were selected from January 2012-2014 year in January in our hospital. According to the random number table, the patients were divided into control group and experimental group with 42 cases in each group. The control group received routine discharge guidance, while the experimental group received rehabilitation guidance with mind map. The discharge guidance effect was investigated by using self-designed questionnaire and the satisfaction of patients for the referral and rehabilitation guidance were recorded and analyzed. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients, and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) was used to assess the psychological condition of patients. Results The cases with a good awareness of prevention of the complications, medication administration, diet and living habits during the recovery period, revisiting time and key points 32 cases, 34 cases, 34 cases and 40 cases in the experimental group, which were significantly higher than the control group (21 cases, 26 cases, 23 cases and 31 cases), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The revisiting rate was 88.1% in the experimental group, which was significantly higher than 69.0% in the control group; the satisfaction of patients to the rehabilitation guidance was 71.4% in the experimental group, which was higher than 52.4% in the control group, with statistically significant differences between the two groups of data (P<0.05). The score for the quality of life by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire were as follow:the overall function was (90.1 ±2.4), emotional function (89.9 ±3.2), physical function (86.4 ±1.7), role function (94.1 ±2.7), cognitive function (90.8 ±3.0) points in the experiment group, and were (82.8 ±1.6), (81.4 ±2.1), (80.8 ±2.5), (86.6 ±3.1) and (83.4 ±2.6). The state of the heart was significantly better than the control group, the experimental group of patients with normal heart state patients accounted for 81.0%, the control group of patients with normal heart state patients accounted for 38.1%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The mind map used in the rehabilitation guidance in laryngeal carcinoma patients after total laryngectomy can improve the awareness rate of patients with the rehabilitation related knowledge, increase patient satisfaction and improve the quality of life of patients, worthy of clinical application.