Abstract: Objective To investigate risk factor of deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity after pericardial devascularization and splenectomy. Methods A total of 600 patients with pericardial devascularization and splenectomy in yiwu central hospital and the hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical College from January, 2008 to July, 2016 was admitted. The clinical medical history included age,sex,hyperlipidemia,arteriosclerosis,body mass index,smoking history,varicosis of great saphenous vein,hemostatics. Results There were 85 case of deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity among 600 patients with pericardial devascularization and splenectomy. Age beyond 48 years old[OR=4.12, 95%CI(1.07-12.31), P=0.007],triglyceride more than 2.3 mmol/L[OR=3.67, 95%CI(1.24-18.32), P=0.013], body mass index over 28 kg/m²[OR=6.25, 95%CI(1.67-20.35), P=0.001] and use of hemostatics[OR=4.43, 95%CI(2.37-18.36), P=0.006] were independent risk factor of deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity after pericardial devascularization and splenectomy. Conclusion The patients with pericardial devascularization and splenectomy was susceptible to deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity,whose age was beyond 48 years old, plasma triglyceride was more than 2.3 mmol/L, body mass index was over 28 kg/m², and hemostatics was used during perioperative period. Healthy knowledge education, low-fat diet, physical exercise and good living habit is essential for us to keep fit.