Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors and nursing strategies of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with pulmonary fungal infection. Methods A total of 84 patients with COPD complicated with pulmonary fungal infection treated from May, 2016 to January, 2017 were selected as the infection group, and 210 patients with COPD without pulmonary fungal infection were selected as uninfected group. The risk factors questionnaire was made, and the age, sex, smoking history, long hospital stay, diabetes mellitus, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic use time, long-term use of glucocorticoids, hypoproteinemia, respiratory failure of two groups were accounted. The univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the risk factors for COPD patients with pulmonary fungal infection. Results Univariate results showed that age, hospitalization time, diabetes mellitus, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic use time, long-term use of glucocorticoid, hypoproteinemia and respiratory failure were the risk factors of pulmonary fungal infection in COPD patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, length of stay, diabetes mellitus, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic use time, long-term use of glucocorticoid, hypoproteinemia and respiratory failure were risk factors for pulmonary fungal infection in COPD patients. Conclusion COPD patients are prone to pulmonary fungal infection. age, length of hospital stay, diabetes mellitus, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic use time, long-term use of glucocorticoids, hypoproteinemia, respiratory failure are risk factors for pulmonary fungal infection in patients with COPD. So those risk factors should attract attention and treatment and nursing should be done well to prevent the occurrence of fungal infection.