Abstract: Objective Early laryngectomy is the main method in the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma which is effective to certain extent. But the surgical trauma is relatively large, which can cause serious respiratory physiological pronouncing and swallowing dysfunction, and it may cause permanent tracheostomy, appearance change and other issues. It can induce patients'anxiety and depression and seriously affect the prognosis and rehabilitation the quality of life. Thus the study of the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in postoperative patients with laryngeal carcinoma is significant. This study is to investigate and analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in postoperative patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Methods The anxiety and depression scores in the 92 postoperative patients were (46.40±5.30) points and (48.25±4.14) points, the incidence of anxiety was 23.9%, and the incidence of depression was 33.7%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, education level, surgical method, clinical stage and marital status were the main independent risk factors for anxiety and depression(P<0.05). Total laryngectomy, clinical stage Ⅳ, the education level of high school and above, unmarried, aged 60 years significantly increased the incidence of anxiety and depression in patients. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are common in postoperative patients with laryngeal carcinoma, age, education level, surgical method, clinical stage and marital status are the main influencing factors.