Abstract: Objective To analyze the efficacy prediction diagnostic value of tumor specific growth factor (TSGF) for primary hepatic carcinoma patients received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods Clinical data of primary hepatic carcinoma patients received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment at our hospital from 2015 to 2017 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups by therapeutic effect, Group A:effective, n=49; Group B:invalid, n=35. AFP and TSGF were tested before and 7 days after TACE, the efficacy prediction diagnostic value was analyzed by ROC. Results Seven days after treatment, both groups got significantly decreased in AFP and TSGF (P<0.05). However, these index were lower in Group A when compared with those of Group B (P<0.05). Meanwhile, patients in group A had higher change rate of TSGF (ΔTSGF) and ΔAFP when compared with these of group B[ΔTSGF:(86.7±11.2)U/ml vs. (50.4±9.6)U/ml, t=13.900, P<0.01; ΔAFP:(351.9±15.3)ng/ml vs. (296.8±12.9)ng/ml, t=13.390, P<0.01]. ROC analysis showed that the ΔTSGF cut-off point value of 79.33 U/ml, as used for the prediction of effective TACE treatment, provided a sensitivity of 88.57%, a specificity of 83.67%, an AUC of 0.882,better than these of ΔAFP. Correlation analysis showed that, for patients in group A, the levels of ΔTSGF had significant positive correlation with ΔAFP (r=0.676, P<0.01). Conclusion The TSGF can be used as an efficacy prediction diagnostic index for primary hepatic carcinoma patients received treatment of TACE.