Abstract: Objective To know the oral hygiene knowledge, oral health behaviour, the attitude of oral health and oral health status of sophomore 2015 in a medical school to explore the association between oral hygiene knowledge and behavior and student oral health status. Methods According to the WHO "Oral Health Survey Basic Method", System sampling selected 356 students for oral health check and questionnaire in September 2016, on campus. Combined with questionnaire and oral health check data for analysis. Application of EpiData 3.1 software for entry, and logical error correction, using SPSS 22.0 software for statistical analysis. Through the χ² test, independent sample t test, single factor analysis and comparison between different groups of students oral health knowledge awareness rate, attitude of oral health and oral health behavior. Establish a binary logistic regression model to adjust key demographic variables, analysis of the relevance between oral hygiene knowledge, behavior and dental caries, gingivitis occurs, the variable selection criteria is P<0.05. Results According to the questionnaire of 356 students:Father's cultural degree is different, oral health knowledge is different. The difference was statistically significant Results of oral examination of 356 students showed:that the prevalence rate was 32.0%. The detection rate of gingivitis is 29.5%. By Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis, the impact of dental caries incidence on these two factors:can not prevent the method of periodontal disease, caries is one of the three major diseases that endanger mankind, the risk factors for gingivitis were not used with mouthwash and not supragingival scaling. Conclusion There is imbalance in the oral hygiene knowledge of students in medical college. The incidence of caries among students in this medical college is high. Oral education courses should be opened to strengthen oral health guidance and promote oral health.