Abstract: Objective To explore the main factors that affects the therapeutic compliance of palmitone palmitate injection in schizophrenic patients. Methods A total of 123 patients with schizophrenia were selected from June, 2013 to July, 2015 at the seventh people's hospital for treatment of palmitone palmitate injection, the clinical data of patients were collected and the dosage and combination of drug administration of palmitate were calculated, and single factor analysis and Cox multifactor regression analysis were carried out on the factors affecting the compliance of palmitone palmitate injection therapy for schizophrenic patients. Results During the follow-up of 1 year, 10 of 123 patients had lost their visit, of which 86 patients were treated with long lasting injection, and 27 patients were interrupted; The average dose of the third dose of palmitone palmitate was (101.6±21.6) mg, the average dose of the last one was (95.6±18.5) mg. Schizophrenia patients combined with benzhexol 17 cases, propranolol 14 cases, aripiprazole 19 cases, paliperidone 13 cases, sedative hypnotics 23 cases, other antipsychotics 37 cases. After the third injection, the patient's PANSS score was (92.7±7.2), and the patient's PANSS score was (90.6±6.9) after one year, and the PANSS score reduction was (2.1±0.3). A total of 39 cases of adverse events such as sit-ins, prolactin and and insomnia were recorded during the treatment of the patients with schizophrenia. Cox multifactor regression analysis found that gender, PANSS subtraction, propranolol and sedative hypnotic drugs were the main factors that affect the therapeutic compliance of palmitone palmitate injection in schizophrenic patients. Conclusion Selecting the right patient, emphasizing the improvement of the early symptoms of the patient and the combination of medication are key to reducing the interruption treatment.