Abstract: Objective To study the cardiovascular factors of one-year mortality risk in patients with cerebral infarction and analyze the correlation between one-year mortality risk and serum cysteine (Hcy) level. Methods The clinical study was carried out in 185 patients with cerebral infarction admitted in our hospital between September, 2013 and September, 2016. The patients were followed up for one year to collect the data for observing the survival of the subjects. By comparing the general data of death patients and survival patients, we calculated the risk factors of one-year mortality of patients with cerebral infarction according to the Logistic regression equation, and discussed the relationship between the increase of serum cysteine level and the one-year mortality risk of patients with cerebral infarction. Results In one year follow-up, 21 of 185 patients died and 164 survived, with a survival rate of 88.65%. The different in cardiac morphology, carotid plaque and Hcy level were noted between survival patients and died patients, P<0.05. Logistic regression equation showed that the morphological structure of heart (OR:0.126), carotid plaque (OR:0.142) and Hcy level (OR:0.151) were the risk factors of one-year mortality risk in patients with cerebral infarction (P<0.05). Conclusion The risk factors of cerebral infarction within one year include the cardiac morphology, carotid plaque and Hcy levels; with the increase of Hcy levels, the death rate of cerebral infarction patients will increase obviously.