The effect of social support intervention on the care of the family members of patients with acute myocardial infarction
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摘要: 目的 通过相关性分析,探讨社会支持干预对急性心肌梗死患者家属照顾能力的影响。 方法 选取2014年2月-2016年12月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院住院诊治的急性心肌梗死患者的家属88例作为观察组,同期选择本地区家庭成员都健康的人群88例作为对照组,采用照顾者负担量表(caregiver burden inventory,CBI)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)分别对2组进行照顾者负担、社会支持与生活质量的调查与相关性分析。 结果 观察组的时间依赖性负担、发展受限负担、生理性负担、社会性负担、情感性负担评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组的客观支持、主观支持及社会支持利用度评分均低于对照组(均P<0.05),躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等生活质量评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示社会支持、生活质量各维度评分与时间依赖性负担评分呈正相关(均P<0.05),客观支持评分与发展受限负担评分呈相关性(P<0.05),社会支持利用度评分与社会性负担评分呈正相关(P<0.05),社会支持各维度评分、躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁评分与情感性负担评分呈正相关(均P<0.05)。 结论 急性心肌梗死患者家属的照顾负担比较重,伴随有社会支持与生活质量低下情况,加强社会支持干预能提高患者家属的照顾能力与生活质量。Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of social support intervention on the care of the family members of patients with acute myocardial infarction via correlation analysis. Methods From February, 2014 to December, 2016, 88 family members of patients with acute myocardial infarction in our hospital were selected as the observation group, and the other 88 locals with healthy family members were selected as the control group. Via CBI, SSRS and SCL-90, the two groups were given investigation and analysis of the relationship among the social support, quality of life and care burden. Results The time dependent burden, the limited development burden, the physiological burden, the social burden and the emotional burden scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The objective support, subjective support, utilization degree of social support in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), and somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and anxiety score quality of life scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the dimensions of social support scores, quality of life scores were positively correlated to the time dependency burden scores (P< 0.05), the dimension of social support scores, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression scores were positively correlated to the emotional burden (P<0.05), the social support utilization scores were positively correlated with social burden (P<0.05), the objective support scores were correlated with the limited development burden (P<0.05). Conclusion The burden of family members of patients with acute myocardial infarction is relatively heavy, together with low social support and quality of life. We should strengthen the social support intervention that can improve the patient's family care ability and quality of life.
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