Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 100 cases of acute cerebral infarction were included in this study and randomized divided into treatment group (n=50) and control group (n=50). All the included patients were given regular treatment, including antiplatelet, lipid-regulating, blood glucose and pressure controlling, rehabilitation. The patients in the treatment group were given NGF 18 μg for injection based on regular treatment, once a day, for 4 weeks. Two weeks and 1 month after the treatment, the date of clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to modified Rankin scale (mRs), Barthel index (BI) and National Institute of Heath Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results Significant difference in mRs (2.75±0.19 vs. 3.12±0.23) and BI (46.22±5.41 vs. 42.95±6.72) were noted between the treatment group and control group after 2 weeks treatment (P<0.05). Significant difference in mRs (2.23±0.15 vs. 2.78±0.18) and BI (59.56±4.28 vs. 53.21±6.45) were noted between the treatment group and control group after 1 month treatment (P<0.05). The clinical efficacy in the treatment group was better than that in the control group, 84.0% vs.66.0% at two weeks, and 96.0% vs.82.0% at one month according to NIHSS. Conclusion Mouse nerve growth factor combined with regular treatment can significantly improve the neurological defects in the patients with acute cerebral infarction and improve the efficacy of the treatment.