Abstract: Objective To explore the curative effect of Shuxuetong Injection on the treatment of acute cerebral infarction and its effects on the reconstruction of collateral circulation in the infarcted area. Methods Ninety patients with acute cerebral infarction who had been seeking treatment in the hospital from April, 2015 to August, 2016 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table, with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine treatment plus Ozagrel Sodium Chloride Injection for treatment, whereas those in the observation group were treated additionally with Shuxuetong Injection based on the treatment given to the control group. The clinical effects, adverse reactions, hs-CRP in serum (C-reactive protein) before and after treatment, TNF-α, IL-6 (interleukin-6), daily living ability, microvascular display grading of collateral circulation and safety in the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was (91.11%) shown to be significantly higher than that (71.11%) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.038). There was no significant difference in the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines, ADL score and display grading of collateral vessels in the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 in the observation group were all shown to be significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ADL score in both groups was improved after treatment, with improvement in the observation group more significant than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the observation group, there were 8 cases (17.78%) whose collateral vessels displayed at grading 2, and the figure was 2 (4.44%) in the control group, where the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse reaction in the two groups during the treatment. Conclusion Shuxuetong Injection has significant curative effect in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, which can effectively improve the clinical efficacy and the serum levels of inflammatory factors, and enhance their ability of daily living, playing an important role in the reconstruction of collateral circulation in the infarcted area; therefore, it is of significant value to be popularized in clinical application.