Abstract: Objective To provide references for choice of observation indexes and the therapeutic evaluation in studies about low back pain with acupuncture treatment and the suggestion about improvement of observation indexes, clinical indexes and the therapeutic evaluation of low back pain with acupuncture treatment were analyzed from 2014 to 2016 in China. Methods Clinical indexes of low back pain with acupuncture treatment from 2014 to 2016 were retrieved, from which the articles about literature review, summary of experiences and case reports were removed. The character and the evaluation content they focus on, composite application of observation indexes using in each type and the proportion of them were also analyzed, descriptive statistical methods were used. Results A total of 47 articles meeting the requirements were found, which involved indexes about pain, activity function of lumbar vertebrae, quality of life, Cytokines and other indexes in it. The former two were the most general, VAS were used most in indexes about pain,22 times were found, JOA were used most in activity function of lumbar vertebrae,10 times were found. Conclusion For choice of observation indexes in studies about low back pain with acupuncture treatment, the evaluation on pain and activity function of lumbar vertebrae is the most basic, but some researchers often choose one, which is incomplete. Quantitative analysis of cytokines can also be added, which can reduce the distraction of subjective factors. Observation indexes about low back pain constituted by orthopedic surgery can be appropriately changed, when used in studies about low back pain with acupuncture treatment.