Abstract: Objective The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the nursing risk events in a city of Shandong province of China, and to find the main risk factors for the controlling pediatric nursing risk events. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 109 doctors, nurses, technicians and middle administrators from hospitals in Shandong province. A nursing expert team was set up before revising contents of the original Kaiser model on risk event identification and made it suitable for pediatric nursing. And then the questionnaire was prepared for data collection, identification and assessment of pediatric nursing risk events. Results The six events of main risks of pediatric nursing faced were:sharp stab (51.48%), family complaints (51.00%), legal disputes between nurses and patients (47.13%), mass injury events (40.82%), infection (40.76%), and epidemic outbreak (40.64%). Conclusion Medical institutions and health decision makers should develop appropriate measures by analyzing results to guarantee safety of patients and nurses and improve nursing service quality by establishing the risk consciousness, settling reasonably patient-nurse disputes, improving the emergency response capacity of several contradictions, and standardizing the nursing infection management in the department emergency. It is important to reduce occurrence of the risk events of pediatric nursing, strengthen the following pediatric nursing risk management, risk control and risk assessment and other aspects, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the pediatric patients and nursing staff to provide a reference to improve the service quality of pediatric nursing.