Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of children hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in a third level and grade A hospitals of Anhui Province from 2010 to 2016, and provide scientific bases for the prevention of HFMD. Methods The website information and data of children HFMD from 2010 to 2016 collected by Chinese Center For Disease Control And Prevention were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods; Excel and SPSS 22.0 were used for χ² test. Results Total 5 731 cases of HFMD were reported in the hospital from 2010 to 2016, from 2010-2012, it showed increased year by year, from 2013-2016, it showed an increasing trend next year. The sex ratio of men and women was 1.82:1. The prevalence of the disease was concentrated in children under the age of 3 years (78.87%, 4 520/5 731), with significant differences in the distribution of the disease by age group over the years (χ²=92.415, P=0.018). Statistical treatment of population trends by age group was performed, without statistical significance trend (χ_trend²=0.160, P=0.689). With the majority of children living in the diaspora (92.97%, 5 328/5 731), There were significant differences in the distribution of the population in each year (χ²=193.512, P<0.001), and there was no statistical significance (χ_trend²=2.546, P=0.111). Confirmed cases were reported throughout the year, with the peak in April-July (64.56%, 3 700/5 731) showing a significant 'single peak' pattern, with statistically significant differences in the number of cases in each month of the year (χ²=826.958, P<0.001), and no statistically significant trend in each month of the year (χ_trend²=0.207, P=0.649). The reporting population was concentrated in the urban areas of the city and the three counties (72.78%, 4 171/5 731). Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD shows the trend of rising every other year, seasonal obvious, the population distribution is clear. We should pay more attentions to the health education of children under 3 years old in the diaspora, in the high-risk season to do a good job in prevention and control.