Abstract: Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation for chronic renal failure with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods Thirty SHPT patients treated in our hospital were selected. All patients were confirmed with 1-4 hyperplasia parathyroid tissues by ultrasound,and accepted ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation.Serum parathyroid hormone, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus were measured before and after radiofrequency ablation for 10 minutes, one day, one week, one month, six months and one year. Their clinical symptoms and complications were recorded. Results ① Serum PTH after radiofrequency ablation for 10 minites, one day, one week, one month, six months and one year were (533.4±101.1)pg/ml, (461.2±125.8)pg/ml, (302.3±99.8)pg/ml, (311.6±138.1)pg/ml, (201.9±115.7)pg/ml and(189.4±162.9)pg/ml, decreased as compared with those before radiofrequency ablation(P<0.05); Serum Ca after radiofrequency ablation for 10 minites, one day, one week, one month, six months and one year were (2.31±0.13)mmol/L, (1.76±0.97)mmol/L, (1.99±0.54)mmol/L, (2.00±0.11)mmol/L, (2.05±0.10)mmol/L and (2.16±0.59)mmol/L decreased as compared with thosed before radiofrequency ablation (P<0.05); and Serum P after radiofrequency ablation for 10 minites, one day, one week, one month, six months and one year were (2.23±0.22)mmol/L, (2.01±0.11)mmol/L, (1.99±0.32)mmol/L, (1.87±0.97)mmol/L, (1.68±0.77)mmol/L and (1.65±0.15)mmol/L, decreased as compared with thosed before radiofrequency ablation (P<0.05). ② After radiofrequency ablation, bone pain, itching, weakness, anorexia, improved rapidly. Hoarseness was found in 3 cases in postoperative period, the occurrence rate was 10.0%, and improved spontaneously within one week. Hypocalcemia was found in 2 cases, the occurrence rate was 6.6%, and effectively controlled by calcium infusion in time. No case relapsed after radiofrequency ablation. Conclusion Ultrasound guided radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective measure for the treatment of SHPT. It can improve symptoms and life quality of SHPT patients.