Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical significance of CD80, CD83 and CD86 of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods One hundred and thirteen cases of patients with NSCLC and 30 cases of healthy controls from January, 2012 to December, 2015 in the first people's hospital of Taizhou were collected.The expression of CD80, CD83 and CD86 in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC and healthy controls were analyzed by flow cytometry. Comparisons were made using the t test and variance test. Kaplan-Meier plots and log rank analysis were applied to determine the significance of differences in patient's survival time. Results The levels of CD80, CD83, CD86 in NSCLC patients were significantly lower than those of normal controls (t=10.026, 4.963, 4.870, all P<0.05), and CD80, CD83 were significantly difference in different TNM stage (F=12.750, 9.481, all P<0.05). The levels of CD80, CD83 and CD86 in NSCLC patients after operation were significantly improved than that before operation (t=-3.648, -4.621, -4.257, all P<0.05). The NSCLC patients with high level of CD80 had better survival rate (P=0.040), while CD83 and CD86 had not (P=0.118, 0.084). Conclusion The detection of CD80, CD83 and CD86 may be valuable in NSCLC patients. CD80, CD83 are closely associated with TNM stage, and CD80 is an independent predictor of survival time.