Abstract: Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is one of the mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. LVA can destroys the normal structure of the ventricle, affect ventricular systolic and diastolic function, which can lead to repeated angina, malignant arrhythmia, heart failure, left ventricular thrombus and other complications, seriously affecting the prognosis of patients. With the progress of early reperfusion technology and the development of drug therapy, the incidence of LVA after AMI gradually decreased. ECG is an important examination of screening the LVA after myocardial infarction, but the ECG is not specific. Echocardiography is a common method for the diagnosis of LVA, and the progress of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography improves the accuracy of LVA diagnosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance is more accurate than echocardiography in diagnosing LVA, and delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can also identify viable myocardium. Radionuclide ventricular imaging can accurately determine the left ventricular capacity, ejection fraction and wall motion, the accuracy of diagnosis LVA is good. X-ray left ventricular angiography is the gold standard of diagnosis left ventricular aneurysm, but it is not commonly used. Early reperfusion after acute myocardial infarction can reduce the incidence of LVA. Most LVAs can choose conservative treatment of internal medicine, inhibition of ventricular remodeling drugs is the basis of LVA drug treatment. Percutaneous ventricular restoration is a new technique for the treatment of LVA in recent years and has achieved good results. When the LVA patients with complications, such as heart failure, the malignant arrhythmia cannot control by drug, thromboembolism, may be consider the surgical treatment. Cell transplantation treatment is a promising approach after treatment of resection of LVA. This review summarizes the clinical characteristics and progress in diagnosis and treatment of post-myocardial infarction left ventricular aneurysm.