Abstract: Objective To study the influencing factors and nursing countermeasures of the compliance behavior of patients with ovarian cancer after operation. Methods We chose 107 cases of ovarian cancer resection patients in our hospital from June, 2014 to February, 2016, collected statistics of all the patients' age, income, education level, clinical stage, drug adverse reactions, medical costs, social support and negative emotion information, evaluated the compliance behavior of patients using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors influencing the compliance behavior after operation, and investigated the clinical nursing countermeasure. Results Univariate analysis showed that age, junior high school level of education and below, low monthly income, adverse drug reactions, uncovered medical expenses, poor social support, anxiety and depression, the relevant factors of lack of knowledge and other factors are the compliance behavior of ovarian cancer after operation (P<0.05); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the older age (OR=3.71, P=0.011), anxiety and depression (OR=3.34, P=0.002), self-paid medical expenses (OR=2.93, P=0.020), poor social support (OR=3.16, P=0.015), low monthly income (OR=3.09, P=0.005), lack of related knowledge (OR=3.25, P=0.012) are independent factors influencing the compliance behavior of ovarian cancer patients after operation. Conclusion There are many factors affecting the compliance behavior of patients with ovarian cancer, commonly involving age, social support, negative emotions, adverse drug reactions, income and other factors. To take effective nursing intervention for each factor can significantly improve the compliance behavior of patients, and has important clinical values.