Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of the technique of the free hand rotating fetal head on the final delivery mode, the maternal complications and the infant complications of dystocia in occipital transverse position and occipital posterior position. Methods Eighty patients with dystocia in occipital transverse position or occipital posterior position were randomly divided into two groups:the control group (37 cases) and the observation group (43 cases). The control group was given routine self-identification delivery method, no special intervention to maintain uterine contraction, and oxytocin to maintain labor force when the labor force weakened, according to the natural rotation of labor. The observation group was treated with free-hand rotating fetal head.The final delivery mode, maternal complications and infant complications were compared between the two groups. Results Observation group of patients with vaginal delivery in 35 cases (81.39%), significantly higher than that in the control group of 19 patients (51.35%), the difference was significant, P<0.05; observation group cesarean section in 8 cases (18.6%) was significantly lower than the control group of 18 cases (48.65%), the difference was significant (P<0.05). The incidence of complications such as birth injury and postpartum hemorrhage was lower in the observation group than that in the control group, P<0.05; the total incidence of neonatal complications (distress, placental abruption, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal scalp injury) in the observation group was 23.26%, less than 45.95% of the control group, P<0.05. Conclusion The technique of hand-rotating fetal head treatment can increase the rate of spontaneous delivery in patients with dystocia in occipital and posterior position, and reduce the incidence of complications of mother and child, which is worth popularizing in clinic.