Abstract: Objective To analyze the rehabilitation effect of core stability training in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain, providing a more reasonable therapeutic regimen for patients with low back pain in clinic. Methods A total of 80 patients with non-specific low back pain in our hospital from January, 2017 to January, 2018 were divided into control group and observation group according to different training modes. Control group received conventional training, while observation group received core stability training based on control group. The treatment of both groups lasted for 3 months. Back pain VAS scores, the activity range of trunk, oswestry disability index (ODI) scores and muscle strength of back extensor were compared between two groups before treatment (T1), at the end of treatment (T2) and 3 months after treatment (T3). And the satisfaction of rehabilitation training at the end of treatment (T2) and 3 months after treatment (T3) were compared, too. Results Compared with control group, the pain VAS scores of patients in observation group reduced significantly (P<0.05); the enhancement of muscle strength of back extensor was more obvious (P<0.05); the activity range of trunk in all sides were significantly enlarged (P<0.05); ODI score was decreased (P<0.05); and the satisfaction of rehabilitation training was higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional training, core stability training reduced pain, enhanced back muscle strength, and enlarged the range of body motion, effectively and respectively. Every patient were more willing to adapt core stability training with an obviously improvement of daily life quality.