Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory factors, renal function and hemodynamics in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS). Methods A total of 90 patients with THS diagnosed and treated in our hospital from March 2015 to April 2017 were randomly divided into observation group (45 cases) and control group (45 cases) according to the random number table method, the observation group and the control group were given the same amount of dexmedetomidine and normal saline after the induction of anesthesia, the changes of the inflammatory index, renal function and hemodynamics were compared between the two groups before beginning of surgery (T1), immediately after surgery (T2), 1 day after syrgery (T3) and three days after surgery (T4). Results At the time of T2, the levels of inflammatory factors in the two groups were significantly lower than those of T1 (all P < 0.05), at the time of T3, the levels of inflammatory factors in the two groups were significantly higher than those of T1 (all P < 0.05), and the△HMGB1 of the observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (P <0.05); At the time of T2 to T4, the level of the Scr of the two groups were significantly lower than that of T1 (all P < 0.05), and the △Scr of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). At the time of T2, the level of NGAL in the two groups were significantly higher than that of T1 (P < 0.05), at the time of T3 to T4, the level of the NGAL of the two groups were significantly lower than that of T1 and T2 (all P < 0.05), and the △NGAL of the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). The improvement of CVP, MAP and HR in the observation group were better than that in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly reduce the inflammatory response in patients with THS, which is conducive to the recovery of renal function and the stability of hemodynamic level in patients.