Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of anal canal dilataltion plus demibain using traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of anal fissure. Methods A total of 110 patients diagnosed as anal fissure and met standard were collected in March 2015 to March 2017 in our hospital. They were randomly divided into two groups:the experimental group (n=55) and the control group (n=55). General information such as gender, age and cause of disease of the two groups showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). The patients of control group received anal canal dilataltion 2 times a day.Long-acting analgesic was injected subcutaneously after anal dilatation. After defecation, the patients were washed with 1500 m L 1:5 000 potassium ferrate solution, 15-30 minutes each time for 1 month. The patients of experimental group received demibain using TCM on the basis of the control group once a day after stool, 15-30 minutes each time for1 month. The therapeutic effect, NRS score, wound healing time, complications and recurrence rate of two groups were compared. Results Total effective rate of experimental group and control group were 96.36% and 74.55%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The NRS score and wound healing time in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). Complication rate of experimental group and control group were 3.64% and 20.00%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). One-year follow-up showed that recurrence rate of experimental group and control group were 3.64% and 27.27%, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Anal canal dilataltion plus demibain using TCM could alleviate pain symptoms of elderly patients with anal fissure, accelerate wound healing, reduce recurrence rate, and improve prognosis.It was worthy to be promoted due to high safety and efficacy.