Abstract: Objective To study the effect of kidney-nourishing needle combined with compound musk injection on cognitive impairment after stroke. Methods A total of 110 patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment who visited our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected. They were divided into control group and combined group according to different treatments. The patients in the control group were treated with 20 ml compound musk injection dissolved in 5% glucose and intravenous drip once a day. The patients in the combined group were treated with nourishing kidney and benefiting marrow acupuncture on the basis of the treatment in the control group. The two groups were treated continuously for 3 weeks. Statistical data included TCM syndrome score, Barthel score, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), cerebral hematoma volume and adverse reactions. Results After treatment, the scores of TCM syndromes in the combined group (t=21.080, P<0.001), fatigue (t=20.340, P<0.001), mental fatigue (t=20.880, P<0.001), dizziness (t=22.510, P<0.001) were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). After treatment, the Barthel score (t =6.490, P<0.001), MoCA score (t=10.130, P<0.001) in the combined group were higher than those in the control group. The amount of cerebral hematoma in the combined group was lower than that in the control group (t=6.490, P<0.001), and the GCS score was higher than that in the control group (t=10.130, P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions in the combined group was 3.64%, lower than 14.55% in the control group. Conclusion The combination of kidney-nourishing needle therapy with compound musk injection has a significant effect on cognitive impairment after stroke, which can improve the level of TCM syndromes and cognitive functions and promote the recovery of patients.