Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of chest pain center (CPC) on the treatment of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 685 patients with acute STEMI and direct percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang medical university for 48 months (between October 2013 and September 2017) before and after the establishment of the cpc. The acute STEMI patients were divided into 274 cases of green channel group in the hospital and 411 cases of CPC group. The total ischemic time, onset-first medical exposure (FMC) time, FMC-balloon dilatation (FMC2B) time, visit-balloon dilatation (D2B) time, informed consent time, ambulance or referral proximity to hospital, in-hospital mortality, post-PCI heart failure, CCU time, length of hospital stay, and total cost were compared. Results Compared with the green channel group in the hospital, the total ischemic time of CPC group [(322.6±112.8) min vs. (445.2±90.9) min, P<0.001], the onset to FMC time [(194.9±90.5) min vs. (270.4±112.9) min, P<0.001], FMC2B time [(118.7±68.4) min vs. (158.7±77.3) min, P<0.001], D2B [(73.2±25.4) min vs. (110.9±43.9) min, P<0.001], informed consent time [(10.9±5.2) min vs. (22.4±15.6) min, P<0.001] were significantly shortened. In-hospital mortality (1.2% vs. 3.6%, P=0.033), in-hospital heart failure after PCI (14.4% vs. 28.1%, P<0.001), CCU time [(2.6±0.8) d vs. (3.8±0.6) d, P<0.001], hospitalization time [(7.9±3.7) d vs. (9.5±3.8) d, P<0.001] were significantly shortened. Total cost [(4.6±2.1) ten thousand yuan vs. (5.1±2.0) ten thousand yuan, P=0.002] was significantly decreased. Conclusion The chest pain center can significantly improve the treatment effect of patients with acute STEMI and improve the short-term prognosis of patients.