Abstract: Objective The recent studies focused mostly on the risk of peripherally inserted central catheters -related deep vein thrombosis (PICC-DVT) in cancer patients. However, with the development of PICC, it is thought to be necessary to determine the risk of PICC-DVT in hospitalized non-cancer patients. The aim of this paper is to answer this question. Methods The clinical and lab data of non-cancer inpatient undergoing PICC in our hospital between January 2009 and December 2018 were reviewed. The statistical analysis was conducted on the catheterization environment, catheter outcomes and patient outcomes. The risk of PICC-DVT in non-cancer hospitalized patients was explored. A systematic literature study on the risk of PICC-DVT in Chinese inpatient was carried out by searching Chinese biomedical literature database, CNKI, Chinese medical journal database, Wang Fang Database, PubMed, EMBASE and so on. Results There were 341 PICCs were placed, among them, 199 PICC were inserted in general wards, 142 PICC were inserted in neurological intensive care unit. A total of 262 had urinary catheters, and 90 had received mechanical ventilation. Of the patients with PICCs, 17 patients developed a symptomatic PICC-DVT with an incidence of 4.9%. Thirteen articles were included and all were written in Chinese. Systematic review found that the domestic studies evaluating the risk of symptomatic PRDVT in non-cancer patients had large diversity (0.3% to 28.5%). The risk of PICC-DVT in critically patients and elderly patients was higher than that in the mild patients and young patients. Conclusion The risk of symptomatic PICC-DVT in non-cancer patients seems not higher than cancer patients. Future researches were needed to validate this conclusion.