Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of lncRNA GIHCG in the development of primary liver cancer by regulating miR-429. Methods The hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues of 60 cases of liver cancer in our hospital were prepared from January 2017 to December 2017. HepG2 cells were randomly divided into the blank control group, negative control group and lncRNA GIHCG-siRNA group with random number method. The levels of lncRNA GIHCG mRNA and miR-429 in the tissues and cells were determined by RT-PCR. The proliferations of cells were determined by WST-1. The invasion and migration ability of cells were determined by Transwell method. Results In the hepatocarcinoma tissues, the level of lncRNA GIHCG mRNA was higher than that in the adjacent tissues (P<0.05), however, the level of miR-429 was lower than that in the adjacent tissues (P<0.05). The level of lncRNA GIHCG mRNA of the liver cancer cells were higher than that of the normal hepatocytes (P<0.05), however, the level of miR-429 of the liver cancer cells were lower than that of the normal hepatocytes (P<0.05). There were negative correlation between lncRNA GIHCG mRNA and miR-429 in the liver cancer tissues and liver cancer cells (P<0.05). On D3 and D5, the OD value of cells in the GIHCG-siRNA group were lower than those in the blank control group and the negative control group (all P<0.05). When compared with the blank control group and the negative control group, the lncRNA GIHCG mRNA level, cell invasion and migration ability of the lncRNA GIHCG-siRNA group were decreased (all P<0.05), the miR-429 level was increased (all P<0.05). Conclusion The level of lncRNA GIHCG is elevated in primary liver cancer tissues, and lncRNA GIHCG may promote hepatoma cell proliferation and invasion and migration through regulating the expression of miR-429.