Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of butylphthalide injection on the serum level of apoptosis-related factors in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods Total 106 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 53 cases in each group. All patients received conventional therapy and dual antiplatelet therapy after admission. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were additional administrated with butylphthalide injection. The total effective rate was compared between the two groups. The levels of Bcl-2 and CytC, serum inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), Barthel index and the modified Rankin scale (MRS) scores were measured before and after the treatment. Results The total effective rate of the observation group (90.57%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (73.58%), with a statistically significant (χ²=5.194, P=0.023). After 2 weeks of treatment, the Bcl-2 level elevated and the level of CytC decreased significantly in the observation group, and the difference was statistically significant when compared with the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased in both groups, especially in the observation group (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the NIHSS and MRS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, but The Barthel index score was significantly higher in the observation group than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Butylphthalide injection has a significant clinical effect on patients with acute cerebral infarction, which can effectively reduce serum inflammatory factor levels and improve brain cell apoptosis-related factors levels, improve neurological function scores, and is worthy of clinical use.