Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the changes of PPARγ gene expression in colorectal cancer patients with or without hyperlipidemia, and to further clarify the significance of the PPARγ gene expression in the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Methods The lipid metabolism levels of 315 colorectal cancer patients and 109 healthy people from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively investigated, and the lipid metabolism levels of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Eighty-three patients with colorectal cancer from July 2017 to May 2018 were recruited. PCR and ELISA were used to determine the expression of PPAR gamma gene and protein in 51 colorectal cancer patients with hyperlipidemia and 32 colorectal cancer patients without hyperlipidemia, respectively. The PPAR gamma gene expression and protein expression levels of 35 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis and 48 colorectal cancer patients without liver metastasis were further determined by PCR and ELISA. Results In the retrospective study,colorectal cancer patients with hyperlipidemia patients and more healthy people, and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05). The PPAR gamma gene expression level and protein expression level in serum and tumor tissues of patients with colorectal cancer complicated by hyperlipidemia were higher than those of the group without hyperlipidemia in colorectal cancer (P<0.05). PPAR gamma gene expression and protein expression levels were lower in patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastasis than those in colorectal cancer without liver metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of PPAR gamma gene and protein is higher in serum and tumor tissue of patients in colorectal cancer with hyperlipidemia. The expression of PPAR gamma gene and protein is lower in colorectal cancer complicated with liver metastasis. PPARγ gene plays an important role in colorectal cancer with hyperlipidemia.