Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of vinpocetine combined with calf serum deproteination in the treatment of lacunar infarction. Methods A total of 150 patients with acute lacunar infarction who underwent emergency medical clinic in our hospital from January 2015 to August 2018 were randomly divided into observation group (n=75) and control group (n=75). The observation group received intravenous injection of vinpocetine 30 mg/d, intravenous infusion of calf serum deproteinized injection 20 mL/d for 10 days, and other conventional treatments; the control group received intravenous infusion of calf serum deproteinized injection. Twenty mL/d for 10 days, as well as other conventional treatments. Patients were assessed for the mini mental state scale (MMSE), the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), the Modified Rankin Scale, and the Barthel index (BI) scores at 7, 14 and 90 days after treatment. Results Compared with the control group, the MMSE, NIHSS and BI scores of the observation group increased significantly after 90 days of treatment (both P<0.05), suggesting that the cognitive function, neurological function and quality of life of the observation group were significantly improved. There were no significant differences of the scores of MMSE, NIHSS and BI tests, as well as the drug side effects between the two groups of patients. Conclusion As part of the treatment of acute lacunar infarction, vinpocetine combined with calf serum deproteinization can significantly improve the cognitive function, neurological function and quality of life of patients, and it is an effective and safe treatment.