Abstract: Objective To study the application of music therapy in peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) in premature infants. Methods Eighty preterm infants scheduled for PICC in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected and randomly divided into control group and music therapy group with 40 cases each. The control group was treated with conventional catheterization while the music therapy group was treated with music therapy. The respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation and pain score of the two groups were measured. The success rate of puncture, indwelling time, hospitalization time and complication rate of indwelling catheter were counted and compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in respiratory, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and pain scores between the two groups before the catheterization (all P>0.05). At 3 and 5 minutes time point after the catheterization, the respiratory, heart rate and pain scores of the children in the music group were all lower than those in the control group, and blood oxygen saturation level was higher than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The recovery time of blood oxygen saturation, catheterization time and hospitalization time in the music group were shorter than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The success rate of the first puncture in the music group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of catheterization complications in the music group was 5.00%, which was lower than that in the control group (20.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Music therapy in PICC in premature infants can effectively improve breathing, heart rate, oxygen saturation, relieve pain and reduce the incidence of complications of PICC catheterization.