Abstract: Objective To study the changes of the expression of GRα, β mRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) and provide scientific basis for the selective application of GC and early rational intervention in infant wheezing. Methods All subjects were taken 2 mL peripheral venous blood to separate PBMC in the morning after admission. PBMC was separated by Ficoll-Hypaque method. The expression levels of GRαand GRβ mRNAs in PBMC were identified by RT-PCR. Results The expression of GRα mRNA in severe cases were significantly higher than that in the control group(median value 2.870×10^-2 vs. 0.266×10^-2,U=2.204, P=0.028), and no significant difference compared with the mild group(median value 0.865×10^-2, U=0.650, P=0.516). The expression of GRβ mRNA in severe group was significantly higher than that in mild group and control group(median value 0.057×10^-2 vs. 0.003×10^-2 vs. 0.001×10^-2, U=3.388, P<0.001; U=3.969, P<0.001). The ratio of GRα/β in severe group was significantly lower than that in mild group and control group(median value 25.900×10^-2 vs. 780.800×10^-2 vs. 98×10^-2, U=2.708, P=0.007; U=2.192, P=0.028), while in recovery phase was significantly higher than in acute stage(median value 253.500×10^-2 vs. 51.100×10^-2, U=2.084, P=0.037). There was a significant positive correlation between clinical severity score and GRβmRNA(r=0.762, P=0.029), and a significant negative correlation with GRα/β ratio(r=-0.760, P=0.037). Conclusion The expression of GR is mainly showed the increase of GRβmRNA and the decrease of GRα/βratio in severe children. With the increase of clinical symptom score, the expression of GRβmRNA increased, and the ratio of GRα/β decreased in infant wheezing.