Research Progress on informal care of the elderly living with multiple disease in a community home
-
摘要: 较早进入老龄化的欧美发达国家,社区居家多病共存老年人的分类收治、分级诊疗和社会一体化服务,经过数十年的运行,已有成熟完善的正式照料和非正式照料机制体系及管理模式。而我国进入老龄化较晚但进展迅猛,且与高龄、空巢和传统家庭照护功能日益弱化相伴行,多病共存、失能失智的比例持续增加及社会化服务刚起步,医疗护理专业服务和日常生活照料服务的人力资源均处于短缺状态,使社区居家患有多种慢性病老年群体的照护成为自我焦虑的根源,政府关注的重要民生问题,不仅影响个体生活质量,而且给家庭社会带来沉重的照护和经济负担。多病共存的老年个体因受教育程度、职业经历、经济状况、自理能力等不同,对照护服务的需求内容、提供形式、递送方式等存在较大差别。如何提供个体化、针对性、适宜的医疗保健和日常生活照料服务,对服务提供者、服务机构和政府管理部门都是严峻的挑战。借鉴发达国家经验和模式,合理性复制并适应性创新适宜本土文化的非正式照料服务,突破正式照料的人才短缺、管理待规范、经济条件等瓶颈制约,引导促使非正式照料的有序规范开展,弥补非正式照料完全由传统家庭承担的缺陷,以提升社区居家老年慢病群体的获得感和幸福感。Abstract: In the developed countries of Europe and the United States, which have entered in aged stage earlier, there are mature and perfect systems and management models of formal and informal care mechanism after decades of operation in the classified treatment, classified diagnosis and treatment and social integration services for the elderly living in the community with multiple diseases. However, China's aging is relatively late, but progresses rapidly, accompanied by the ageing, empty nest and the weakening of traditional family care functions. The multiple diseases, the increasing proportion of disabilities and dementia, and the start of social services, a shortage of human resources in medical and nursing professional services and daily life care services have made the community home care for the elderly with multiple diseases become the root of self-anxiety and the important livelihood issues concerned by the government. It not only affects the quality of life of individuals, but also brings heavy care and economic burden to the family and society. Due to the different educational level, occupational experience, economic status and self-care ability of the elderly individuals with multiple diseases, there are great differences in the content, form and delivery of care services. How to provide individualized, targeted, appropriate health care and daily care services is a serious challenge for service providers, service organizations and government management. Drawing on the experiences and models of developed countries, we should rationally replicate and adaptably innovate the informal care services suitable for local culture, break through the bottleneck constraints of the shortage of personnel, management to be standardized and economic conditions in formal care. We should guide and promote the orderly and standardized development of informal care, and make up for the deficiencies of informal care undertaken by traditional families, to enhance their acquisition and happiness for the elderly with multiple disease living at home in community.
-
Key words:
- Community home /
- The elderly /
- Multiple disease /
- Informal care
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 179
- HTML全文浏览量: 23
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0