Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of exercise intervention on lower limb vascular function and peripheral nerve conduction function in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods From December 2017 to January 2019, 90 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who were first diagnosed in the Department of geriatrics of Lishui Second People's hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group according to the complete randomized method, 45 cases in each group, and both groups were treated with clinical routine treatment. The observation group was treated with exercise intervention on the basis of routine treatment. Before and after treatment, the venous blood of the two groups was drawn, BMI was calculated, blood glucose, blood lipid, lower extremity vascular function, peripheral nerve conduction function, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, lower extremity motor function and quality of life were measured. Results IMT, PSV, VEGF and VEGFR-2 were(0.21±0.06)mm,(36.74±1.70)cm/s,(85.01±5.97)pg/mL,(5.51±0.19)ng/mL in the observation group after treatment, which were lower than those in the observation group and the control group(all P<0.05). The peripheral nerve conduction velocity of the observation group were(56.68±3.48)m/s,(67.66±5.42)m/s,(37.72±3.75)m/s,(54.77±3.86)m/s,(64.69±4.45)m/s respectively, which were faster than that of the observation group and the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Exercise intervention in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy can improve peripheral nerve conduction function and lower limb motor ability, alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.