Abstract: Objective To explore and study the myopia status and its related influencing factors of children aged 6-11 in Aksu area of Xinjiang, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method, all primary schools in Aksu area of Xinjiang were defined as a group, and five primary schools were randomly selected as the sample source. In this study, 6 439 students aged 6-11 in grade 1-5 in this area were selected as the research objects. The myopia of the research objects was investigated by questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of myopia. Results Among 6 439 children aged 6-11 years, 1 153 cases of myopia were screened, with a myopia rate of 17.91%. Among them, mild myopia was the most common, accounting for 85.08%(981/1 153) of the total number of myopia, 172 cases of middle and high myopia, accounting for 14.92% of the total number of myopia. The results of single factor analysis showed that the factors related to children's myopia included age, grade and parents' myopia(P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference with gender(P>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, grade, parents' myopia and preference for mobile phone/computer games were independent factors of myopia in children(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of myopia in children aged 6-11 years old in Aksu area of Xinjiang is relatively high. The occurrence of children's myopia is significantly associated with age, grade, parents' myopia, preference for mobile phone/computer games. It can be managed from the above aspects to achieve the secondary prevention of early discovery, early diagnosis, early treatment, so as to comprehensively improve the visual quality of children.