Abstract: Objective To improve the clinical teaching efficiency of orthopedics, this study tries to adopt the new teaching method of 3 D printing technology and CBL teaching mode to explore the effect of the new teaching mode. Methods Total 50 students from the second class of clinical undergraduate class of 2017 of Bengbu medical college were selected as experimental subjects. According to the parity of the last two digits of the student number, they were divided into new teaching method group and traditional teaching method group, with 25 students in each group. The new teaching method adopted 3 D printing technology combined with CBL teaching model for clinical teaching, while the traditional teaching method group adopted the traditional teaching method. The 3 D printing technology combined with CBL teaching mode was used to teach and 50 experimental subjects were surveyed with evaluation scale to evaluate the application effect of the new teaching mode. After the completion of the lecture, a unified assessment test was conducted to analyze whether there were statistical differences between the two groups of students' academic performance scores and the degree of self-assessment. Results In the 50 valid questionnaires, the theoretical average score of the control group was 69.84±12.52, and the clinical average score was 68.96±12.65. The theoretical average score of the experimental group was 83.16±10.46, and the clinical average score was 83.48±8.89. The scores and self-assessment of students who studied with the new teaching method were significantly higher than those of the traditional teaching method group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional teaching mode, the application of 3 D printing technology combined with CBL teaching mode in clinical teaching of orthopedics embodies abstract knowledge, increases students' interest in orthopedics learning, deepens their understanding of theoretical and experimental knowledge, and improves teaching efficiency.