Practice and development advantages of general practice of traditional Chinese medicine
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摘要: 我国中医全科医学起步较晚,至今仍处于探索阶段。本文聚焦中医全科医学诊疗实践,从中医全科医学诊疗理念与实践模式、诊疗技术在社区的应用、发展优势及现存问题等几方面进行阐述,以期对中医全科医学发展现状有一个较为全面的认识,促进中医全科医学发展成为实用价值高、服务能力强、广泛渗透基层的中医实践学科。中医全科医学诊疗理念和实践模式特点为提倡以“人”为中心的整体观念、辨证论治的个体化综合干预、治未病的预防养生理念及重视服务家庭与社区。中医全科医学诊疗技术在社区服务中的应用主要为慢性非传染性疾病(以下简称慢病)管理以及体质辨识和调养方法、膏方治疗冬病夏治、中医适宜技术筛选应用等社区健康问题的中医药干预。中医全科医学发展优势主要体现在有利于慢病防治,助力医养结合;容易立足社区和家庭,促进构建和谐医患关系;简便效廉,有利于节约医疗成本;有利于中医理论向临床应用的转化,促进中西医融合等方面。同时,中医全科医学发展还存在人才教育及培养体系尚需完善、中医全科医生队伍数量不足、结构不完善、岗位缺乏吸引力;中医全科医学学科建设依然薄弱;中医全科医学在社区卫生服务的研究仍不足等问题需要解决。Abstract: In China, general practice of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) starts late and is still in the stage of exploration. This paper focuses on the practice of general practice of TCM, and expounds the concept and practice mode of general practice of TCM, the application of general practice of TCM in the community, the development advantages and existing problems of general practice of TCM, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the development status of general practice of TCM, and to promote the development of general practice of TCM into a high practical value, strong service ability and extensive penetration of a practical medicine discipline. The concept and practice mode of general practice of TCM are characterized by advocating the holistic concept of "human centered", individualized comprehensive intervention of syndrome differentiation and treatment, prevention and health preservation concept of treating diseases before they occur, and paying attention to serving families and communities. The application of TCM general medicine diagnosis and treatment technology in community service mainly includes the management of chronic non infectious diseases(chronic diseases), the methods of physique identification and recuperation, the treatment of winter diseases with ointment in summer, the screening and application of TCM appropriate technology and other community health problems with TCM intervention. The development advantages of general practice of TCM are mainly reflected in the following aspects: it is conducive to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and the combination of medical treatment and maintenance; it is easy to build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship based on the community and family; it is simple, effective and cheap, which is conducive to the saving of medical costs; it is conducive to the transformation of TCM theory into clinical application and the integration of Chinese and Western medicine. At the same time, there are still some problems to be solved, such as the talent education and training system still need to be improved, the number of general practice doctors is insufficient, the structure is not perfect, and the posts are not attractive; the construction of general practice of traditional Chinese medicine is still weak; the research of general practice of TCM in community health service is still insufficient.
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