Abstract: Objective To evaluate the ability of the obstetric rapid response team to deal with emergencies through the emergency plan drill, and provide scientific basis for improving the ability of the obstetric rapid response team. Methods Thirty-six medical staff of obstetrics department of a hospital from March to September 2019 were selected as the research object. The emergency drill expert group and obstetric rapid response team were established. The emergency drill expert group prepared a drill program to simulate the emergency rescue process such as postpartum hemorrhage rescue and neonatal resuscitation. Six groups of obstetric rapid response teams participated in the exercise at the same time. The individual ability, team ability change, the satisfaction and effect of the exercise were evaluated before and after the exercise. Results In individual abilities, the highest score of the doctor's theoretical knowledge assessment was 94.26±2.99 after the drill, while the scores of proficiency and correctness were the lowest(86.27±2.81). The individual ability was higher than the pre-drill score after exercise, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Among the team's ability, the performance of the emergency plan after the exercise was the highest(95.14±0.76). The difference of the team's ability index before and after the exercise was statistically significant(P<0.05). The overall satisfaction of the doctors, nurses and midwives after the drill was 4.65±0.19, 4.60±0.15 and 4.75±0.12, respectively. Before and after the exercise, the participants had statistically significant differences in the overall and dimensional satisfaction of the exercise program(P<0.05). Conclusion The emergency drill improves the individual ability and teamwork ability of the critical emergency of the obstetric rapid response team, and the satisfaction of the drill is higher.