Abstract: Objective To analyze the complications and quality of life of patients receiving VAP and PICC after breast cancer surgery, and to provide clinical evidence. Methods A total of 120 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery in the First Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2013 to December 2018 were divided into the experimental group(58 cases) and the control group(62 cases) by different of infusion tools. The incidence of complications such as venous thrombosis, catheter infection and catheter blockage after catheterization and the quality of life of the patients in the two groups were compared. Results There was no venous thrombosis, infection or infusion obstruction in the experimental group, with 1 case(1.7%) of venous thrombosis, 3 cases(4.8%) of venous thrombosis in the control group, 4 cases(6.4%) of venous thrombosis, 5 cases(8.1%) of infection, and 2 cases(3.2%) of infusion obstruction. Complications occurred in 1 case(1.7%) in the test group and 14 cases(22.6%) in the control group, χ²=11.918, P=0.001, the difference was statistically significant. The scores of patients in the VAP group in the physiological field, psychological field, social relation field and environmental field were all better than those in the PICC group(P<0.01), with statistically significant differences. Conclusion Compared with PICC, the incidence of VAP in patients with breast cancer is lower than that of PICC in terms of venous thrombosis, catheter infection and tube plugging, and it also improves the quality of life of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.