Abstract: Objective Airway management is a common challenge for every resident, which is also one of the essential skills. We added scenario simulation to the training of airway management and evaluated the results, which might help residents to master the skills and accumulate the experiences of the airway management. Methods A total of 64 trainees from Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were involved in the standardized resident training, who were divided into two groups, 21 trainees attended cases sharing(traditional teaching group), while 43 trainees experienced scenario simulation(simulation group). All the participants finished course questionnaire, tests and the confidence scoring about airway management before and after the course. They also attended the intubation simulated-test after the training. SPSS 20.0 was used to process the data. Paired sample t-test, group t-test, rank sum test and Chi-squared test were used to analyze the specific data. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results After training, 93.8% trainees thought the course was quite helpful, and 96.9% trainees could accomplish intubation in 2 minutes. The score of theory tests(t=-4.663, P<0.001) and the self-assessment of airway management confidence(t=-11.015, P<0.001) in all trainees before and after training were different. There was no difference in the time-spending of intubation and the scores of theory test in the two groups, however, the trainees in the simulation group had a higher confidence scoring of airway management(t=-2.193, P=0.032). Conclusion The scenario simulation could help trainees to accumulate the experiences and become more confident. The scenario simulation is worth using in the training of airway management, whereas more experiences are needed to accumulate in teaching and assessment.