Psychological experience of patients with respiratory diseases in the context of COVID-19
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摘要:
目的 从微观层面深入探讨新型冠状病毒背景下呼吸系统疾病患者的心理感受，为进一步明确呼吸系统疾病患者的心理需求、制定心理危机干预措施提供参考依据。 方法 运用现象学研究法，在纳入、排除标准的基础上，目的性选取2020年1—2月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院就诊的11名呼吸系统疾病患者进行深度访谈，并运用Giorgi分析法对访谈资料进行分析、总结、归纳。 结果 共提炼出4个主题，即呼吸系统疾病患者心理负荷过重、疾病相关知识缺乏、就医过程艰难、社会支持弱化。 结论 受新型冠状病毒的影响，呼吸系统疾病患者心理负荷过重、疾病相关知识缺乏，就医过程艰难，社会支持弱化。在就医环境上，医护人员应充分调动互联网资源，拓宽医疗服务领域，明确告知患者及其家属医院隔离及确诊区域的分布，消除患者就医顾虑; 在就医流程指导上，医护人员应详细告知因新型冠状病毒而导致的就医流程变化，详述流程变化的原因及效果，以取得呼吸系统疾病患者及其家属的支持和理解; 在疾病知识宣教上，医护人员应加强新型冠状病毒肺炎知识宣教，详细阐明新型冠状病毒肺炎与其他呼吸系统疾病的区别和联系，减轻大众对普通呼吸系统疾病患者的揣测和歧视行为，提升患者正性心理感受。 Abstract:Objective The psychological feelings of patients with respiratory diseases in the context of COVID-19 were discussed in depth from a microlevel to provide a reference for further clarifying the psychological needs of these patients and formulating psychological crisis intervention measures. Methods On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 patients with respiratory diseases who were treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2020 to February 2020 were selected for in-depth interviews using phenomenological research methods. The data were analysed by using Giorgi's method of data analysis. Results Four themes about patients with respiratory diseases were extracted: heavy psychological load, lack of knowledge related to diseases, difficult medical treatment process and weakened social support. Conclusion Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with respiratory diseases suffer from heavy psychological load, lack of knowledge related to diseases, difficult medical treatment process and weakened social support. In terms of the medical treatment environment, medical staff should fully mobilise internet resources, expand the field of medical services, clearly inform patients and their families about hospital isolation and the distribution of diagnosed areas, and eliminate patients' concerns for medical treatment. In terms of guidance of the medical treatment process, medical staff should inform the changes of medical treatment process caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and explain the reasons and effects of process changes to obtain the support and understanding of patients and their families. In terms of disease knowledge education, medical staff should strengthen knowledge education of the novel coronavirus pneumonia, elaborate the differences and connections between the novel coronavirus pneumonia and other respiratory diseases, reduce the public's speculation and discrimination against patients with common respiratory diseases and improve the positive psychological feelings of patients. -
Key words:
- COVID-19 /
- Respiratory disease /
- Psychological feelings /
- Qualitative research
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表 1 11例受访者一般资料
受访者 性别 年龄(岁) 学历 职业 婚姻状况 费用来源 现居地 P1 男性 82 中学 无 已婚 医保 城市 P2 女性 71 文盲 农民 已婚 农保 农村 P3 男性 66 中专 无 已婚 医保 城市 P4 男性 67 小学 无 丧偶 农保 城镇 P5 男性 13岁2个月 中学 学生 未婚 医保 城市 P6 男性 70 中学 农民 已婚 农保 城镇 P7 女性 35 博士 医生 已婚 医保 城市 P8 男性 69 中学 农民 已婚 农保 农村 P9 男性 55 中学 无 已婚 医保 城镇 P10 男性 76 小学 无 已婚 农保 农村 P11 男性 74 中学 无 已婚 医保 农村 
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