超重与肥胖2型糖尿病患者的膳食能量摄入调查分析

俞碧君; 宋迎香; 秦华珍; 陈盈婷; 陈平; 王金委; 庞彩珍

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002166

超重与肥胖2型糖尿病患者的膳食能量摄入调查分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002166

1.
浙江省人民医院天台分院内分泌科，浙江天台 317200
2.
浙江省人民医院内分泌科，浙江杭州 310014
3.
浙江省人民医院天台分院营养科，浙江天台 317200

基金项目:

浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目 2018ZH058

详细信息

通讯作者:
俞碧君，E-mail：fuqinimo@163.com

中图分类号: R587.1 R459.3 R589.2
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- 文章访问数: 193
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-15

Analysis of dietary energy intake in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

1.
Department of Endocrinology, Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 317200, China

摘要

摘要: 目的调查和分析超重与肥胖2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的膳食能量摄入情况。方法选取2018年2月—2020年2月在浙江省人民医院天台分院内分泌科就诊的T2DM患者128例为研究对象，根据BMI将患者分为体重正常组(45例)、超重组(48例)和肥胖组(35例)。选取同期在我院门诊就诊的健康非糖尿病体检者(健康体检组)45例作为对照组。比较和分析各组日均摄入总能量、膳食纤维摄入量，比较各组三大营养素的摄入量和供能及供能比。结果肥胖组患者日均总能量摄入明显高于体重正常组和超重组患者(均P < 0.01)。肥胖组患者碳水化合物摄入量明显高于体重正常组和超重组患者(均P < 0.01)。肥胖组患者碳水化合物供能明显高于体重正常组和超重组患者(均P < 0.01)；3组患者脂肪供能、蛋白质供能比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。3组患者的碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质供能比之间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)，均高于指南推荐量。3组患者膳食纤维摄入量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，均低于指南推荐量。结论 T2DM患者的膳食能量摄入不合理，肥胖T2DM患者的日均总能量摄入过量，能量过量的食物来源主要为碳水化合物，临床应对肥胖T2DM患者限制总能量和碳水化合物的摄入，降低脂肪供能比，并适当增加膳食纤维的摄入量。
- 2型糖尿病 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖 /
- 膳食能量摄入
Abstract: Objective To investigate and analyse the dietary energy intake of overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A total of 128 T2DM patients admitted at our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the research object. They were divided into the normal weight group (45 cases), overweight group (35 cases) and obesity group (48 cases). A total of 45 healthy non-diabetic patients (healthy physical examination group) who visited our outpatient department during the same period were selected as controls. The daily total energy intake and dietary fibre intake of the three groups were compared and analysed, and the intake, energy supply and energy ratio of the three nutrients in each group were compared. Results The average daily total energy intake of the obesity group was significantly higher than that of the normal weight group and the hyperrecombination group (all P < 0.01). The carbohydrate intake in the obesity group was significantly higher than that in the normal weight group and the hyperrecombination group (all P < 0.01). The carbohydrate energy supply in the obesity group was significantly higher than that in the normal weight group and the hyperrecombination group (all P < 0.01). No statistical significance was observed in the comparison of fat and protein energy supply amongst the three groups (all P>0.05). The carbohydrate, fat and protein energy ratio results of the three groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05) and were all higher than the recommended amount in the guidelines. No statistically significant difference was observed in dietary fibre intake amongst the three groups (P>0.05), which was lower than the recommended amount in the guidelines. Conclusion The dietary energy intake and daily total energy intake of obese T2DM patients are high, and the food source of excess energy is mainly carbohydrate. Clinical treatment for obese T2DM patients should involve limiting the intake of total energy and carbohydrate, reducing the fat energy supply ratio and appropriately increasing the intake of dietary fibre.
- Type 2 diabetes /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Dietary energy intake

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表 1 3组T2DM患者总能量摄入评价比较[例(%)]

组别	例数	摄入不足	摄入理想	摄入过量
体重正常组	45	0(0.00)	29(64.44)	16(35.56)^a
超重组	48	1(2.08)	26(54.17)	21(43.75)^a
肥胖组	35	0(0.00)	1(2.86)	34(97.14)
注：3组总能量摄入情况比较，H=31.963, P < 0.001;与肥胖组比较，^aP < 0.01。

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表 2 各组碳水化合物摄入情况比较(x±s)

组别	例数	碳水化合物摄入量(g)	碳水化合物供能(kcal)	碳水化合物供能比(%)
体重正常组	45	265.83±51.36	1 063.68±102.76^a	50.76±3.87
超重组	48	273.25±52.65	1 125.79±105.69^a	51.26±4.95
肥胖组	35	365.26±51.76^ab	1 376.75±103.96^ab	51.63±3.86
健康体检组	45	243.65±52.68^abc	935.72±101.98	51.83±3.92
F值		39.747	123.104	0.549
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001	0.603
注：与体重正常组比较，^aP < 0.01；与超重组比较，^bP < 0.01；与肥胖组比较，^cP < 0.05。

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表 3 各组蛋白质摄入情况比较(x±s)

组别	例数	蛋白质摄入量(g)	蛋白质供能(kcal)	蛋白质供能比(%)
体重正常组	45	87.73±11.26	354.79±13.86	16.36±1.95
超重组	48	88.15±12.31	354.68±13.96	16.25±1.97
肥胖组	35	91.35±11.25	351.31±15.77	15.68±1.98
健康体检组	45	86.75±11.32	358.65±15.98	15.85±1.92
F值		1.118	1.635	1.119
P值		0.343	0.183	0.343

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表 4 各组脂肪摄入量比较(x±s)

组别	例数	脂肪摄入量(g)	脂肪供能(kcal)	脂肪供能比(%)
体重正常组	45	76.81±8.72^a	688.48±15.65^a	32.28±2.18^a
超重组	48	77.13±9.89^a	689.28±15.72^a	31.63±2.23^a
肥胖组	35	78.19±8.75^a	691.51±15.71^a	32.72±2.15^a
健康体检组	45	69.19±8.91	665.65±15.82	23.75±2.13
F值		8.514	26.015	167.534
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
注：与健康体检组比较，^aP < 0.01。

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