3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型的关联性研究

张小甜; 张悦; 张风华; 曾婷; 蔡智玲; 叶亚; 徐韬

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002546

3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型的关联性研究

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002546

张小甜¹,
张悦^1, ,,
张风华²,
曾婷³,
蔡智玲⁴,
叶亚⁵,
徐韬¹

1.
中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心，北京 102206
2.
青岛市妇幼保健计划服务中心，山东青岛 266000
3.
柳州市妇幼保健院儿童保健科，广西柳州 545000
4.
马鞍山市妇幼保健院儿童保健科，安徽马鞍山 243000
5.
重庆市妇幼保健院儿童保健科，重庆 400010

基金项目:

国家自然科学青年基金项目 81803249

详细信息

通讯作者:
张悦, E-mail：zhangyue0416@163.com

中图分类号: R715.3 R749.41
计量
- 文章访问数: 159
- HTML全文浏览量: 68
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-04
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-23

Relationship between depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants and their feeding style, parenting confidence and infant temperament type

1.
National Center for Women and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing 102206, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的状况，探讨其与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心和婴儿气质类型的关联性，为研究相关干预措施提供理论依据。方法以2019年1—12月在重庆市妇幼保健院等4所妇幼保健院检查的415例3月龄婴儿母亲为研究对象。采用自拟调查问卷收集母亲和婴儿的基本信息，使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评价母亲的抑郁情绪，卡瑞坦尼育儿信心量表评价母亲育儿信心，婴儿早期气质问卷获得婴儿气质类型。应用单因素分析母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型等因素对母亲抑郁情绪的影响，非条件logistic回归计算调整混杂因素后的OR值和95% CI。结果本研究中3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的检出率为27.0%；控制其他因素后，显示3月龄婴儿母亲的抑郁情绪与其育儿信心(OR=5.413，95% CI：1.580~18.544)和婴儿难养型气质(OR=11.808，95% CI：2.037~68.454)相关联。结论分析3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与育儿信心、婴儿气质类型的关联情况，有利于婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的识别和发现。建议儿童保健门诊针对气质难养类型的婴儿和育儿信心不足的母亲加强关注和支持，监测其情绪状态，及时发现负面情绪并给予疏导，从而有效降低婴儿母亲抑郁症的发生率。
- 母亲 /
- 抑郁 /
- 产后 /
- 影响因素
Abstract: Objective To understand the state of depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants, explore its correlation with mothers' confidence in parenting and infant temperament and provide a theoretical basis for the study of related interventions. Methods A total of 415 mothers of 3-month-old infants who were examined in 4 maternal and child health care hospitals including Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect basic information about mothers and their babies. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale was used to evaluate the mother's depression, the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale was used to evaluate the mother's parenting confidence, and the Early Infant Temperament Questionnaire was used to obtain infant temperament types. Univariate analysis was used to analyse the influence of factors such as maternal feeding style, parenting confidence and infant temperament type on mothers' depression. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the OR and 95% CI after adjusting for confounding factors. Results In this study, the detection rate of depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants was 27.0%. After controlling for other factors, depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants was found to be associated with their parenting confidence (OR=5.413, 95% CI: 1.580-18.544) and infant's difficult-to-nourish temperament (OR=11.808, 95% CI: 2.037-68.454). Conclusion The relationship between depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants, parenting confidence and infant temperament types is conducive to the identification and discovery of mothers' depression. Paediatric health clinics should pay more attention and provide support to infants with difficult temperament and mothers with insufficient parenting confidence, monitor their emotional state, detect negative emotions in time and provide guidance, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of depression in the mothers of infants.
- Mother /
- Depression /
- Postpartum /
- Influencing factors

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表 1 2组母婴的社会人口学等因素比较[例(%)]

Table 1. Comparison of sociodemographic factors between the two groups [cases(%)]

项目	抑郁组(n=112)	正常组(n=303)	统计量	P值
所在地区			21.611^a	＜0.001
青岛	10(8.9)	55(18.2)
重庆	30(26.8)	87(28.7)
柳州	50(44.6)	69(22.8)
马鞍山	22(19.6)	92(30.4)
母亲年龄(岁)			1.250^b	0.211
≤24	13(11.6)	23(7.6)
25~35	85(75.9)	234(77.2)
＞35	14(12.5)	46(15.2)
母亲文化程度			3.786^a	0.286
初中及以下	19(17.0)	32(10.6)
高中	20(17.9)	53(17.5)
大专	31(27.7)	82(27.1)
本科及以上	42(37.5)	136(44.9)
家庭人均月收入(元)			14.801^a	＜0.001
＜5 000	57(50.9)	93(30.5)
≥5 000	55(49.1)	210(69.5)
家庭结构			0.063^a	0.801
核心家庭	41(36.6)	115(38.0)
非核心家庭	71(63.4)	188(62.0)
分娩方式			0.071^a	0.790
自然分娩	63(56.3)	166(54.8)
剖宫产	49(43.8)	137(45.2)
婴儿性别			0.753^a	0.386
男	56(50.0)	166(54.8)
女	56(50.0)	137(45.2)
婴儿民族			17.157^a	＜0.001
汉族	75(67.0)	257(84.8)
少数民族	37(33.0)	46(15.2)
出生孕周(x±s，周)	38.91±0.98	38.96±1.27	0.400^c	0.690
出生体重(x±s，g)	3 346.21±429.03	3 404.80±423.52	1.246^c	0.214
妈妈为主要照养人			0.024^a	0.878
是	104(92.9)	280(92.4)
否	8(7.1)	23(7.6)
(外)祖母为主要照养人			7.181^a	0.007
是	40(35.7)	153(50.5)
否	72(64.3)	150(49.5)
喂养方式			0.935^a	0.334
纯母乳喂养	61(54.5)	181(59.7)
人工喂养	51(45.5)	122(40.3)
注：^a为χ²值，^b为Z值，^c为t值。

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表 2 母亲抑郁情绪与母婴心理因素的单因素分析[例(%)]

Table 2. Univariate analysis of maternal depression and maternal and infant psychological factors

组别	例数	母亲育儿信心		婴儿气质类型
组别	例数	正常	不足	容易型	启动缓慢型	难养型
抑郁组	112	51(45.5)	61(54.5)	77(68.8)	17(15.2)	18(16.1)
正常组	303	229(75.6)	74(24.4)	265(87.5)	16(5.3)	22(7.3)
χ²值		33.626		20.134
P值		＜0.001		＜0.001

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表 3 母亲抑郁情绪与母婴心理因素关联的多因素分析

Table 3. Multivariate analysis of the association between maternal depression and maternal and infant psychological factors

变量	B	SE	Wald χ²	P值	OR值	95% CI
育儿信心不足	1.689	0.628	7.224	0.007	5.413	1.580~18.544
气质启动缓慢型	1.220	1.035	1.388	0.239	3.387	0.445~25.771
气质难养型	2.469	0.897	7.581	0.006	11.808	2.037~68.454

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