Willingness and influencing factors of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for 295 men who have sex with men in Changsha
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摘要:
目的 了解长沙市男性同性行为(men who have sex with men, MSM)对HIV暴露前预防(pre-exposure prophylaxis, PrEP)用药意愿及影响因素。 方法 于2020年1—12月在长沙市MSM人群哨点监测站采用问卷调查开展横断面研究。不同特征MSM对PrEP服务需求影响的差异采用χ2检验进行单因素分析,建立logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。 结果 54.20%的MSM人群听说过PrEP,其中有30.80%表示愿意接受PrEP,知晓率高于使用意愿。月收入水平(χ2=17.037,P < 0.05)、对当地MSM感染艾滋病疫情感知情况(χ2=8.449,P < 0.05)、是否出现过安全套破裂或滑脱等危险性性行为(χ2=9.916,P < 0.05)以及最近6个月内是否有同性商业性行为(χ2=6.717,P < 0.05)与PrEP服务需求差异有统计学意义。月经济收入水平高、出现过安全套破裂或滑脱等危险性性行为、认为当地MSM艾滋病疫情严重的MSM更愿意使用PrEP服务,OR值分别为3.339、3.710、2.517。 结论 长沙市MSM以年轻、文化较高的单身人群为主,PrEP服务的人群知晓率较高,使用意愿低于知晓率,存在知晓与行动相分离的现象。月收入水平、对当地MSM感染艾滋病疫情感知、是否出现过安全套破裂或滑脱等与对PrEP服务的需求有关。 Abstract:Objective To understand the needs and influencing factors of men who have sex with men (MSM) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Changsha. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using the on-site questionnaire survey method in MSM Sentinel of Changsha from January to December 2020. MSM with different characteristics was used to test the difference in PrEP service demand. Single-factor analysis was performed, and an unconditional two-category logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results Approximately 54.20% of MSM had heard of PrEP, and 30.80% expressed their willingness to accept PrEP. The awareness rate was higher than the willingness to use it. Monthly income level (χ2=17.037, P < 0.05), perception of local MSM infection with AIDS (χ2=8.449, P < 0.05), dangerous sexual behaviours such as condom rupture and slippage (χ2=9.916, P < 0.05) and same-sex commercial sex in the last 6 months (χ2=6.717, P < 0.05) were determined. The differences were statistically significant between the PrEP service demand and above factors. MSM with high monthly income, having dangerous sexual behaviours such as condom rupture or slippage, and believing that the local MSM AIDS epidemic was serious were more willing to use prep services, the corresponding OR values were 3.339, 3.710 and 2.517, respectively. Conclusion The MSM in Changsha City is dominated by young and highly educated singles. The awareness rate of PrEP services is relatively high, and the willingness to use it is lower than the awareness rate. There is a phenomenon of separation of awareness and action. Monthly income level, perception of local MSM infection with HIV and history of dangerous sexual behaviours such as condom rupture and slippage are related to the demand for PrEP services. -
表 1 不同社会人口学特征MSM人群对PrEP服务需要的单因素分析[例(%)]
Table 1. Univariate analysis of the need for PrEP services in MSM populations with different sociodemo graphic characteristics [cases (%)]
项目 类别 调查人数 需要PrEP服务 χ2值 P值 年龄(岁) ≤20 35(11.9) 13(37.1) 2.508 0.285 >20~≤40 239(81.0) 69(28.9) >40 21(7.1) 9(42.9) 与异性的婚姻状况 未婚 265(89.8) 84(31.7) 0.735 0.685 在婚 25(8.5) 6(24.0) 离异或丧偶 5(1.7) 1(20.0) 户籍所在地 本省 262(88.8) 80(30.5) 0.108 0.743 外省 33(11.2) 11(33.3) 民族 汉族 285(96.6) 88(30.9) <0.001 0.996 其他 10(3.4) 3(28.6) 在本地居住时间 <3个月 22(7.5) 7(31.8) 8.147 0.071 3~6个月 4(1.3) 1(25.0) 7~12个月 10(3.4) 6(60.0) 1年以上~2年 20(6.8) 10(50.0) 2年以上 239(81.0) 67(28.0) 文化程度 小学 1(0.3) 1(100.0) 3.050 0.369 初中 9(3.1) 2(22.2) 高中或中专 37(12.5) 9(24.3) 大专及以上 248(84.1) 79(31.9) 自我报告性取向 同性恋 257(87.1) 81(31.5) 5.169 0.031 异性恋 2(0.7) 2(100.0) 双性恋 35(11.9) 8(22.9) 未确定 1(0.3) 0 月收入水平(元) <3 000 121(41.0) 36(29.8) 17.037 0.001 3 001~5 000 56(19.0) 11(19.6) 5 001~8 000 73(24.7) 19(26.0) >8 000 45(15.3) 25(55.6) 表 2 艾滋病相关知识和行为学特征与PrEP服务需求的单因素分析[例(%)]
Table 2. Univariate analysis of AIDS-related knowledge and behavioral characteristics and demand for PrEP services
项目 类别 构成比 需要PrEP服务 χ2值 P值 对当地MSM人群艾滋病疫情的感知情况 严重 202(68.5) 73(36.1) 8.449 0.027 一般 33(11.2) 6(18.2) 不严重 8(2.7) 2(25.0) 不知道 52(17.6) 10(19.2) 寻找男性性伴的主要方式 互联网/交友软件 275(93.2) 84(30.5) 0.089 0.765 其他 20(6.8) 7(35.0) 最近一周内肛交行为的次数 0次 168(56.9) 52(30.9) 0.946 0.671 1~3次 123(41.7) 37(30.1) 3次以上 4(1.4) 2(50.0) 最近一次肛交是否使用安全套a 是 232(86.6) 69(29.7) 0.595 0.440 否 36(13.4) 13(36.1) 半年内同性肛交行为安全套使用情况 从未使用 17(5.8) 9(52.9) 6.125 0.006 有时使用 55(18.6) 14(25.5) 经常使用 13(4.4) 2(15.4) 每次都用 183(62.0) 57(31.2) 是否出现过安全套破裂或滑脱等危险行为 是 53(18.0) 26(49.1) 10.042 0.002 否 242(82.0) 65(26.9) 半年内主要的性角色 插入方 148(50.2) 51(34.5) 2.957 0.228 被插入方 100(33.9) 30(30.0) 两者均衡 10(3.4) 10(100.0) 半年内固定性伴个数 2个及以下 285(96.5) 86(31.4) 0.009 0.926 3个及以上 10(3.5) 3(30.0) 半年内临时性伴个数 2个及以下 235(79.7) 67(28.5) 2.985 0.085 3个及以上 60(20.3) 24(40.0) 半年内是否有同性商业性行为 是 3(1.0) 3(100.0) 6.717 0.010 否 292(96.7) 88(30.8) 注:a为27人无肛交行为。 表 3 PrEP使用意愿的常见原因
Table 3. Common reasons for willingness to use PrEP
项目 例(%) 项目 例(%) 需要原因 不需要原因 PrEP药物保护效果好 35(38.4) 每次性行为均使用安全套 70(34.3) 担心HIV暴露前高风险 20(21.6) 担心药物副作用 42(20.6) 性伴HIV感染状况不明 9(10.4) 费用高 41(20.0) 不能坚持每次使用安全套 9(10.4) 保持固定性伴 27(13.4) 恐惧艾滋病 9(10.4) 已知性伴未感染HIV 7(3.4) 固定性伴HIV阳性 6(6.4) 不太了解PrEP 7(3.4) 同伴的支持 2(2.2) 害怕隐私暴露 4(2.0) 附近医疗机构可提供 1(1.0) 担心社会歧视 3(1.4) 其他 0 PrEP难以获得 3(1.4) 表 4 变量赋值方法
Table 4. Variable assignment method
变量 赋值方法 月经济收入水平 <3 000元=1;3 001~5 000元=2;5 001~8 000元=3;>8 000元=4 对AIDS疫情感知 不知道=1;一般=2;不严重=3;严重=4 出现危险性性行为 未出现过=1;出现过=2 有同性商业性行为 无=1;有=2 半年内固定性伴数 2个及以下=1;3个及以上=2 半年内临时性伴数 2个及以下=1;3个及以上=2 PrEP知晓情况 未听说过=1;听说过=2 PrEP意愿 不需要=1;需要=2 表 5 PrEP服务需求的logistic回归多因素分析
Table 5. Logistic regression multivariate analysis of the demand for PrEP services
变量 类别 B SE Wald χ2 P值 OR(95% CI) 月收入水平(元) 3 001~5 000 -0.648 0.444 2.130 0.144 0.523(0.219~1.249) 5 001~8 000 -0.224 0.351 0.406 0.524 0.799(0.402~1.591) >8 000 1.206 0.398 9.188 0.002 3.339(1.531~7.282) 对当地MSM艾滋病疫情的感知 不严重 -0.110 0.564 0.040 0.850 0.900(0.302~2.691) 一般 0.204 0.392 0.260 0.608 1.220(0.574~2.612) 严重 0.731 0.301 4.113 0.043 3.710(1.045~4.175) 出现过危险性性行为 1.051 0.351 8.985 0.003 2.517(1.537~6.671) 有同性商业性行为 0.397 0.892 0.198 0.657 1.487(0.259~8.548) 半年内有3个及以上固定性伴 -0.494 0.750 0.433 0.511 0.610(0.140~2.657) 半年内有3个及以上临时性伴 0.587 0.337 3.040 0.081 1.799(0.930~3.480) 听说过PrEP -0.050 0.287 0.031 0.861 0.951(0.542~1.670) 注:各变量均以赋值为1的分类为参照。 -
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