Evaluation of drug-related problems in clinical application of rivaroxaban based on Granada-Ⅱ classification
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摘要:
目的 分析住院患者使用利伐沙班的数据,探讨使用过程中出现的药物相关问题(drug-related problems, DRPs),以便能够为临床医师更合理应用抗凝药利伐沙班提供参考。 方法 通过调取院信息管理系统即HIS系统中的数据,抽取2020年1月—2021年12月亳州市人民医院收治的使用利伐沙班的病例247例,以利伐沙班的药品说明书、国内外相关指南及共识等为依据, 采用国际通用的西班牙药物相关问题研究方法Granada-Ⅱ分类法回顾性分析抗凝患者住院期间利伐沙班使用情况、联合用药及不良反应发生等情况,对发生的DRPs进行必要性问题(DRP1:疾病未得到所需的药物治疗; DRP2:超适应证用药)、安全性问题(DRP3:错误地使用药物; DRP4:单次药物剂量低、给药频次少、疗程不足)、有效性问题(DRP5:禁忌证用药、抗凝药物间桥接、不良反应; DRP6:超剂量用药)的分析研究。 结果 纳入247例病历,其中177例(71.66%)发生了DRPs,累计发生了204次DRPs,包括61次DRP2、100次DRP4、39次DRP5、4次DRP6。 结论 该院利伐沙班的使用主要在安全性及必要性方面存在问题,表现为单次药物剂量低、给药频次少、疗程不足及超适应证用药。因此,需加强对利伐沙班DRPs的干预,以促进临床应用的合理性。 -
关键词:
- 利伐沙班 /
- 药物相关问题 /
- Granada-Ⅱ分类法 /
- 合理用药
Abstract:Objective Based on the data analysis of inpatients using rivaroxaban, this study aimed to explore the drug-related problems (DRPs) of rivaroxaban in clinical application and to promote its rational use. Methods Through the hospital HIS system, 247 cases of rivaroxaban admitted to Bozhou People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected. The use of rivaroxaban, combination medication, and adverse reactions during hospitalisation of anticoagulant patients were retrospectively analysed using the international Spanish drug-related research method, the Granada-Ⅱ classification method. DRPs included necessity issues (DRP1, not getting the required drug treatment; DRP2, off-label use), safety issues (DRP3, wrong drug use; DRP4, low single dose of drug, less frequent administration, and insufficient course of treatment), effectiveness analysis issues (DRP5, contraindication drug use, bridging between anticoagulants, and adverse reactions; DRP6, overdose). Results A total of 247 cases of hospitalised patients receiving rivaroxaban were collected, and the total number of DRPs was 177, accounting for 71.66%. Rivaroxaban accumulated generating 204 DRPs, including 61 DRP2, 100 DRP4, 39 DRP5, and 4 DRP6. Conclusion The use of rivaroxaban in this hospital has the problems of no indication for use, unreasonable usage and dosage, and insufficient treatment. It needs to strengthen the intervention in DRPs of rivaroxaban to promote the reasonability of clinical application. -
Key words:
- Rivaroxaban /
- Drug related-problems /
- Granada-Ⅱ classification /
- Rational drug use
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表 1 利伐沙班临床使用DRPs分类标准(Granada-Ⅱ分类法)
Table 1. DRPs classification Standard for Clinical use of Rivaroxaban (Granada-Ⅱ Classification)
分类 药物相关问题 主要表现 必要性 DRP1 疾病未得到所需的药物治疗 未使用所需的药物 DRP2 使用不必要的药物 无适应证用药 有效性 DRP3 药物非定量的无效 错误地使用药物 DRP4 药物定量的无效 单次药物剂量低、给药频次少或疗程不足 安全性 DRP5 药物非定量的安全问题 禁忌证用药、药品不良反应、抗凝药物间桥接、其他不合理联合用药 DRP6 药物定量的安全问题 药物单次给药剂量高、药物日累积剂量高于规定累积剂量上限、超疗程用药 表 2 临床科室应用利伐沙班DRPs总体发生情况
Table 2. General occurrence of rivaroxaban DRPs in clinical departments
科室 抽取病例数(例) 发生DRPs病例数(例) DRP2(次) DRP4(次) DRP5(次) DRP6(次) DRPs合计(次) DRPs构成比(%) 心内科 82 57 7 46 13 1 67 32.84 骨科 33 26 19 3 2 3 27 13.24 肿瘤科 23 18 7 10 5 0 22 10.78 呼吸科 23 13 6 4 3 0 13 6.37 神经内科 19 14 3 9 4 0 16 7.84 胃肠外科 8 3 2 0 1 0 3 1.47 急诊科 7 6 2 3 1 0 6 2.94 血管外科 6 4 0 4 1 0 5 2.45 内分泌科 6 4 0 4 0 0 4 1.96 全科医学科 6 5 1 4 2 0 7 3.43 风湿免疫科 6 5 3 3 1 0 7 3.43 康复科 5 4 1 3 2 0 6 2.94 中医科 4 3 1 2 1 0 4 1.96 其他 19 15 9 5 3 0 17 8.33 合计 247 177 61 100 39 4 204 100.00 注:DRP1、DRP3均无。 表 3 临床应用利伐沙班DRPs具体问题统计
Table 3. Clinical application of rivaroxaban DRPs specific problem statistics
分类 主要表现 具体问题及例数 DRP2 无适应证用药 下肢肌间静脉血栓26例、肿瘤高血栓风险预防8例、创伤骨科术后预防7例、心律失常5例、下肢静脉曲张4例、心脏血栓2例、腰椎术后预防静脉血栓2例、肺动脉高压2例、肝硬化失代偿期1例、颅内静脉窦血栓1例、脑动脉狭窄1例、脑出血后遗症1例、二聚体升高1例 DRP4 单次药物剂量低、给药频次少、疗程不足 房颤患者单次药物剂量低61例、深静脉血栓单次药物剂量低27例、肺栓塞患者单次药物剂量低8例,深静脉血栓患者给药频次少1例,深静脉血栓患者疗程不足3例 DRP5 禁忌证用药 消化道出血5例、肝功能损害5例、血小板减少3例、凝血功能异常2例 抗凝药物间桥接 利伐沙班与华法林或低分子肝素间桥接23例 不良反应 血尿1例 DRP6 给药剂量高于日规定剂量 骨科大手术后预防用给药剂量高于日规定剂量3例、房颤患者给药剂量高于日规定剂量1例 -
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