上海市浦东新区某社区老年人群体检结果及5年随访分析

谭树凤; 沈红卫; 李桃; 王雄; 廖巧

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002687

上海市浦东新区某社区老年人群体检结果及5年随访分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002687

谭树凤^{1, 2, ,},
沈红卫²,
李桃³,
王雄⁴,
廖巧²

1.
上海健康医学院附属第六人民医院东院体检中心，上海 201306
2.
上海交通大学附属第六人民医院体检中心，上海 200233
3.
上海交通大学附属第六人民医院计算机中心
4.
上海交通大学附属第六人民医院计算机中心

基金项目:

上海市卫生健康委员会中医药科研项目 2020LP006

上海市中西医结合学会社区医学与健康管理研究项目 2021-25

上海健康医学院师资人才百人库项目

详细信息

通讯作者:
谭树凤, E-mail: juiletxj@163.com

中图分类号: R544.1R587.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-30

Healthy examination results and 5-year follow-up analysis of the elderly in a community of Pudong New Area, Shanghai

1.
Department of Health Examination Center, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People' s Hospital East, Shanghai 201306, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析65岁及以上老年人健康体检结果及慢性病发生率的动态变化，为制定区域内老年人健康管理方案提供参考。方法选取上海市浦东新区某社区2014年1月—2019年12月连续每年参加健康体检的年龄≥65岁老年人2 846例为研究对象，并排除恶性肿瘤及严重的血液系统疾病和肝、肾疾病者。所有研究对象采集标本前1 d保持清淡饮食，在采集标本前24 h不进行剧烈运动，并在采集标本前禁食12 h后于清晨空腹采血。由专业体检医师测量身高、体重和血压，计算BMI，采集一般资料、生化指标及腹部超声检查资料后进行对比分析。结果与2014年相比，2 846例老年人2019年血压、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及血尿酸水平均明显升高(均P＜0.05)。此外，2 846例老年人2019年高血压、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症及高尿酸血症检出率(33.1%、28.3%、24.2%、23.8%、28.4%)均较2014年(22.6%、18.1%、15.1%、14.9%、19.2%)显著增加(均P＜0.05)。结论浦东新区社区65岁及以上老年人群代谢指标水平及高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和高尿酸血症的检出率呈现出上升的动态变化，提示需对社区老年人群高血压和糖脂代谢异常进行早期干预和健康宣教。
- 老年人 /
- 健康体检 /
- 高血压 /
- 糖尿病 /
- 高尿酸血症
Abstract: Objective To investigate dynamic changes in the results of healthy examination and incidence of chronic diseases in the elderly aged 65 and then to provide a reference for the formulation of regional health management plan for the elderly. Methods A total of 2 846 elderly people over 65 in a community of Pudong New Area in Shanghai who continued to participate in healthy examination from January 2014 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. Subjects with malignant tumours, serious blood system diseases and liver and kidney diseases were excluded. All subjects maintained a bland diet one day before sample collection, did not undergo strenuous exercise 24 hours before sample collection and fasted for 12 hours before sample collection. Blood samples were obtained while their stomachs were empty in the morning. Height, weight, body mass index and blood pressure were measured by professional physical examination doctors, and general data were collected. Biochemical indexes and abdominal ultrasound examination data were collected and analysed. Results The blood pressure, blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total cholesterol and blood uric acid levels in the elderly people in 2019 significantly increased relative to those in 2014 (all P < 0.05). In addition, the detection rates of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, hyperuricaemia and hyperuricemia in 2 846 elderly people in 2019 (33.1%, 28.3%, 24.2%, 23.8%, 28.4%) were significantly higher than those in 2014 (22.6%, 18.1%, 15.1%, 14.9%, 19.2%, all P < 0.05). Conclusion The levels of metabolic indexes and the detection rates of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and hyperuricaemia in the community aged over 65 in Pudong New Area show an upward dynamic change. These results suggeste that early intervention and health education for hypertension and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism should be carried out in community elderly.
- The aged /
- Healthy examination /
- Hypertension /
- Diabetes /
- Hyperuricaemia

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表 1 社区老年人BMI、血压及UA比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of BMI, blood pressure and UA in community elderly (x±s)

年份	人数	BMI		SBP(mm Hg)		DBP(mm Hg)		UA(μmol/L)
年份	人数	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性
2014	2 846	25.3±2.5	24.8±2.6	130.5±11.4	132.1±10.8	74.6±9.7	75.3±9.4	329.9±47.4^a	280.6±47.2
2019	2 846	26.9±2.9	25.3±2.8	141.2±13.2	144.2±16.8	78.9±9.1	80.4±8.6	366.5±61.3^a	314.8±52.9
t值		0.587	0.612	3.125	2.994	0.437	0.396	2.357	2.569
P值		0.253	0.221	0.023	0.027	0.392	0.422	0.034	0.030
注：与女性相比，^aP＜0.05。

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表 2 社区老年人GLU、HbA1c、LDL及TCH比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of GLU, HbA1c, LDL and TCH in community elderly (x±s)

年份	人数	GLU(mmol/L)		HbA1c(%)		LDL(mmol/L)		TCH(mmol/L)
年份	人数	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性
2014	2 846	5.5±1.1	5.6±0.9	4.8±0.7	5.1±0.6	2.4±0.5	2.6±0.6	4.4±0.8	4.6±0.9
2019	2 846	6.6±1.3	6.8±1.4	5.6±0.9	5.8±0.8	3.1±0.7	3.2±0.8	5.1±0.9	5.2±1.0
t值		2.526	2.935	2.418	2.317	3.615	2.749	2.397	2.359
P值		0.025	0.021	0.032	0.038	0.019	0.022	0.033	0.036

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表 3 社区老年人TG、Cr、ALT和AST比较(x±s)

Table 3. Comparison of TG, Cr, ALT and AST in community elderly (x±s)

年份	人数	TG(mmol/L)		Cr(μmol/L)		ALT(U/L)		AST(U/L)
年份	人数	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性	男性	女性
2014	2 846	1.5±0.4	1.6±0.5	77.2±8.4	73.7±7.1	23.8±6.1	25.9±6.5	24.6±7.4	28.7±7.4
2019	2 846	1.9±0.5	2.1±0.6	80.6±8.7	78.5±9.7	27.3±7.5	28.5±6.7	27.6±6.2	31.6±8.4
t值		2.355	3.145	0.412	0.454	0.578	0.498	0.596	0.486
P值		0.031	0.028	0.383	0.362	0.295	0.312	0.286	0.342

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表 4 社区老年人不同年份高血压、糖尿病及高脂血症检出率比较[人(%)]

Table 4. Comparison of the detection rates of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in community elderly in different years [cases(%)]

年份	人数	高血压	糖尿病	高甘油三酯	高胆固醇
2014	2 846	643(22.6)	516(18.1)	429(15.1)	424(14.9)
2019	2 846	942(33.1)	805(28.3)	689(24.2)	677(23.8)
χ²值		77.650	81.765	74.667	71.511
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

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表 5 社区老年人不同年份高尿酸血症、脂肪肝、肝肾功能异常检出率比较[人(%)]

Table 5. Comparison of the detection rates of hyperuricemia, fatty liver and abnormal liver and kidney function in community elderly in different years [cases(%)]

年份	人数	高尿酸血症	脂肪肝	肝功能异常	肾功能异常
2014	2 846	546(19.2)	307(10.8)	99(3.5)	131(4.6)
2019	2 846	808(28.4)	344(12.1)	111(3.9)	145(5.1)
χ²值		66.014	2.248	0.598	0.644
P值		< 0.001	0.134	0.439	0.422

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