基底细胞癌的皮肤镜表现与诊断价值分析

邓凡智; 张群; 邹维艳; 吴玉红; 胡凤; 王伟

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002764

基底细胞癌的皮肤镜表现与诊断价值分析

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002764

邓凡智¹,
张群¹,
邹维艳²,
吴玉红¹,
胡凤¹,
王伟^1, ,

1.
蚌埠医学院附属阜阳医院(阜阳市人民医院)皮肤科，安徽阜阳 236000
2.
蚌埠医学院基础医学院组织与胚胎学教研室，安徽蚌埠 233000

基金项目:

安徽省教育厅重点项目 KJ2018A0245

蚌埠医学院自然科学基金项目 BYKY2019234ZD

详细信息

通讯作者:
王伟, E-mail: pikwang@126.com

中图分类号: R739.5
计量
- 文章访问数: 339
- HTML全文浏览量: 186
- PDF下载量: 7
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-07

Dermatoscogic manifestations and diagnostic value analysis of basal-cell carcinoma

1.
Department of Dermatology, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨皮肤基底细胞癌的皮肤镜表现并分析其诊断价值，以了解皮肤镜诊断基底细胞癌的准确性。方法选取2017年7月1日—2019年12月31日就诊于阜阳市人民医院皮肤科门诊临床诊断疑似基底细胞癌的62例患者作为研究对象，其中男性29例，女性33例，发病年龄为(70.34±4.41)岁。通过单反数码相机及皮肤镜对门诊患者皮损部位进行取像观察，并行病理活检。以病理检查结果为金标准，评价皮肤镜诊断基底细胞癌的准确度，对皮肤镜及组织病理分型诊断结果的一致性进行分析。结果 62例临床诊断疑似基底细胞癌患者中47例皮肤镜与病理结果一致，均为基底细胞癌。皮肤镜的诊断灵敏度为95.92%，特异度为92.31%，总符合率为95.16%，误诊率为7.69%，漏诊率为4.08%，Youden指数为0.882，Kappa值为0.858，且与病理诊断的一致性较高(P=0.999)。基底细胞癌皮肤镜下相关指标中，溃疡、多发浅表糜烂、亮红白色无结构区、蓝灰色卵圆巢、叶状结构等皮肤镜特征相关征象阳性率差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。结论皮肤镜检查对基底细胞癌的诊断与病理组织检查结果吻合度较高，具有无创、便捷、准确度高的特点，值得临床推广。
- 基底细胞癌 /
- 皮肤镜 /
- 诊断价值
Abstract: Objective To explore the dermatoscogic manifestations of basal cell carcinoma of the skin and analyze its diagnostic value, in order to understand the accuracy of dermatoscope in the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma. Methods A total of 62 patients with suspected basal cell carcinoma were selected from the Dermatology Clinic of Fuyang People ' s Hospital from July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019, including 29 males and 33 females, with an onset age of (70.34±4.41) years. The skin lesions of outpatients were observed by digital camera and dermatoscope, and pathological biopsy was performed. The results of pathological examination were taken as the gold standard, the accuracy of dermatoscope in the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma was evaluated, and the consistency of dermatoscope and histopathological classification was analyzed. Results Among the 62 patients with suspected basal cell carcinoma, 47 were diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma by dermatoscope and pathology. The diagnostic sensitivity of dermatoscope was 95.92%, the specificity was 92.31%, the total coincidence rate was 95.16%, the misdiagnosis rate was 7.69%, the missed diagnosis rate was 4.08%, the Youden index was 0.882, the Kappa value was 0.858, and the consistency with pathological diagnosis was high (P=0.999). Among the dermatoscopic related indexes of basal cell carcinoma, there were significant differences in the positive rates of dermatoscogic features such as ulcer, multiple superficial erosion, bright red and white unstructured area, blue-gray oval nest, leafy structure and so on (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma by dermatoscope is highly consistent with the results of pathological examination, and it has the characteristics of non-invasive, convenient and high accuracy, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
- Basal cell carcinoma /
- Dermatoscope /
- Diagnostic value

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图 1 BCC皮肤镜特征

注：A为多发蓝灰色卵圆巢(白色箭头示)；B为多发灰蓝色小球(白色箭头示)，其周围另见一处溃疡伴出血(红色箭头示)；C为叶状结构(白色箭头示)，另见多发点状糜烂(蓝色箭头示)；D为典型轮辐状结构(白色箭头示)；E为密集点状、球状血管(白色箭头示)，树枝状血管(红色箭头示)，亮红白色无结构区(蓝色箭头示)；F为蓝灰色卵圆巢、灰蓝色小球、叶状结构、溃疡、出血以及典型毛细血管网和各类型血管。

Figure 1. Features of BCC dermatoscope

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 基底细胞癌皮肤镜特征[例(%)]

Table 1. Dermatographic features of basal cell carcinoma [cases (%)]

皮肤镜征象	阳性表现
蓝灰色卵圆巢	36(76.60)
灰蓝色小球	42(89.36)
叶状结构	13(27.66)
轮辐状结构	6(12.77)
溃疡	35(74.47)
树枝状血管	30(63.83)
短细毛细血管扩张	17(36.17)
多发浅表糜烂	7(14.89)
聚集性小点	6(12.77)
白色条纹/蝶蛹样结构	7(14.89)
同心环状结构	4(8.51)
亮红白色无结构区	4(8.51)

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 BCC与非BCC皮肤镜征象阳性表现情况比较(例)

Table 2. Comparison of positive manifestations of BCC and non-BCC dermatoscopy signs (cases)

项目	BCC (47例)	非BCC (15例)	χ²值	P值
树枝状血管	30	13	1.819	0.177
蓝白幕	3	1	0.001	0.999
短细毛细血管扩张	17	6	0.071	0.789
聚集性小点	6	4	0.759	0.384
同心环状结构	4	5	3.823	0.051
溃疡	35	4	9.180	0.002
多发浅表溃疡	7	6	4.325	0.038
亮红白色无结构区	4	7	8.880	0.003
灰蓝色小球	42	12	0.249	0.618
蓝灰色卵圆巢	36	6	6.969	0.008
轮辐状结构	6	0		0.321^a
叶状结构	13	0		0.027^a
白色条纹/蝶蛹样结构	7	2	0.001	0.999
色素网	0	2		0.056^a
污斑	11	6	1.574	0.210
注：^a为采用Fisher精确检验。

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表 3 皮肤镜诊断与病理诊断结果比较(例)

Table 3. Comparison of results of dermatoscopy diagnosis and pathological diagnosis (cases)

皮肤镜	病理诊断
皮肤镜	阳性	阴性
阳性	47	1
阴性	2	12

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