个性化营养支持对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖和并发症的影响

邹素珍; 叶琼; 吴淋淋; 倪娟娟

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002902

个性化营养支持对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖和并发症的影响

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.002902

1.
温州医科大学附属第二医院产科，浙江温州 325000
2.
金华市人民医院妇科，浙江金华 321000

基金项目:

浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目 2021KY1184

详细信息

通讯作者:
邹素珍，E-mail：z1099779684@163.com

中图分类号: R714.25
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- 文章访问数: 385
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- PDF下载量: 20
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-24
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-19

Evaluation of the efficacy of individualized nutritional guidance on blood glucose and complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

1.
Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨个性化营养支持对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖和并发症的影响，为妊娠期糖尿病患者的管理提供参考依据。方法选取2019年6月—2021年12月温州医科大学附属第二医院收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者110例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为对照组(55例)和观察组(55例)。对照组采用常规妊娠期糖尿病方案, 观察组在对照组的基础上实施个性化营养支持。干预4周后，比较2组患者妊娠期糖尿病知识达标率、护理满意度，检测2组患者的空腹血糖和餐后2 h血糖，并比较妊娠期并发症和新生儿并发症情况。结果观察组妊娠期糖尿病知识达标率和护理满意度评分明显优于对照组(均P < 0.05)。观察组空腹血糖和餐后2 h血糖分别为(5.56±0.26)mmol/L、(6.59±0.54)mmol/L，显著低于对照组(5.73±0.30)mmol/L、(7.28±0.69)mmol/L(均P < 0.05)。观察组妊娠期并发症和新生儿并发症发生率分别是14.55%(8/55)、10.91%(6/55)，均低于对照组的38.18%(21/55)、34.55%(19/55)，均P＜0.05。结论对妊娠期糖尿病患者实施个性化营养支持效果优良，能够有效控制血糖水平、减少并发症。
- 个性化营养支持 /
- 妊娠期糖尿病 /
- 血糖 /
- 并发症
Abstract: Objective This study aims to explore the evaluation of the efficacy of individualized nutritional guidance on blood glucose and complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, and to provide a reference for the management of patients with gestational diabetes. Methods A total of 110 patients with gestational diabetes admitted to the Second Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2019 to December 2021 were randomly divided into control group (n=55) and observation group (n=55), according to the random number table method. The control group received routine gestational diabetes regimen, and the observation group received individualized nutritional guidance on the basis of the control group. After 4 weeks of intervention, the compliance rate of gestational diabetes knowledge attainment and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the 2 groups were measured, and the pregnancy complications and neonatal complications in the 2 groups were compared. Results The knowledge attainment rate of gestational diabetes and nursing satisfaction score in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (both P < 0.05). Fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the observation group were (5.56±0.26) mmol/L, (6.59±0.54) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.73±0.30) mmol/L, (7.28±0.69) mmol/L (both P < 0.05). The incidence of pregnancy complications and neonatal complications in the observation group were 14.55% (8/55) and 10.91% (6/55), respectively, which were lower than 38.18% (21/55) and 34.55% (19/55) in the control group (both P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of individualized nutritional support for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus is excellent, which can effectively control the blood glucose level and reduce complications.
- Personalized nutritional support /
- Gestational diabetes /
- Blood glucose /
- Complication

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表 1 2组妊娠期糖尿病患者妊娠期糖尿病知识达标率和护理满意度比较

Table 1. Comparison of attainment rate of gestational diabetes knowledge and nursing satisfaction between the two groups of patients with gestational diabetes

组别	例数	妊娠糖尿病知识达标[例(%)]	护理满意度评分(x±s，分)
观察组	55	53(96.36)	97.23±1.82
对照组	55	46(83.63)	90.75±1.69
统计量		4.949^a	19.349^b
P值		0.026	＜0.001
注：^a为χ²值，^b为t值。

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表 2 2组妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖水平比较(x±s, mmol/L)

Table 2. Comparison of blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes mellitus between the two groups(x±s, mmol/L)

组别	例数	空腹血糖		t值	P值	餐后2 h血糖		t值	P值
组别	例数	干预前	干预后	t值	P值	干预前	干预后	t值	P值
观察组	55	6.41±0.44	5.56±0.26	8.755	＜0.001	9.39±0.76	6.59±0.54	14.832	＜0.001
对照组	55	6.38±0.42	5.73±0.30	11.477	＜0.001	9.37±0.73	7.28±0.69	7.381	＜0.001
t值		0.366	3.176			0.141	5.840
P值		0.715	0.002			0.888	0.001

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表 3 2组妊娠期糖尿病患者妊娠期并发症情况比较[例(%)]

Table 3. Comparison of gestational complications of gestational diabetes mellitus between the two groups [cases (%)]

组别	例数	妊娠高血压	羊水异常	感染	产后出血	总发生
观察组	55	4(7.27)	2(3.64)	1(1.82)	1(1.82)	8(14.55)
对照组	55	12(21.82)	5(9.09)	2(3.64)	2(3.64)	21(38.18)
注：2组并发症总发生率比较，χ²=7.914，P=0.005。

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表 4 2组新生儿并发症情况比较[例(%)]

Table 4. Comparison of neonatal complications between the two groups [cases (%)]

组别	例数	巨大儿	早产儿	新生儿窒息	胎儿窘迫	总发生
观察组	55	2(3.64)	3(5.45)	0	1(1.82)	6(10.91)
对照组	55	9(16.36)	3(5.45)	3(5.45)	4(7.27)	19(34.55)
注：2组并发症总发生率比较，χ²=8.748，P=0.003。

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