再生育女性妊娠压力现状及其影响因素

杨柳; 杨丽娟; 钱静; 桑昆峰; 李金芝

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003422

再生育女性妊娠压力现状及其影响因素

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003422

1.
蚌埠医科大学护理学院，安徽蚌埠 233030
2.
蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院儿科，安徽蚌埠 233004
3.
中国科学技术大学附属第一医院西区重症医学科，安徽合肥 230031

基金项目:

安徽省教育厅科学项目研究基金资助 2022AH051414

蚌埠医学院研究生科研创新计划项目 Byycx22085

详细信息

通讯作者:
李金芝，E-mail：2639917769@qq.com

中图分类号: R714 R715
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- 文章访问数: 63
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-27

The status quo of pregnancy stress and its influencing factors in women with re-fertility

1.
School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China

摘要

摘要: 目的本研究对再生育女性妊娠压力现状其影响因素进行调查分析，为降低再生育女性妊娠压力，提高女性再生育意愿提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2022年12月—2023年6月蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院和蚌埠市第三人民医院产科门诊进行产检的320名再生育女性作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、妊娠压力量表、领悟社会支持量表和总体幸福感量表对研究对象进行调查。结果再生育女性妊娠压力得分为0.533(0.325, 0.808)分，社会支持得分为62.000(55.000, 72.000)分，总体幸福感得分为79.000(71.000，86.250)分。婚姻状况、现有子代性别、本次怀孕是否为高危妊娠的再生育女性妊娠压力比较，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。相关分析结果表明，社会支持(r=-0.338)、总体幸福感(r=-0.364)与再生育女性妊娠压力均呈负相关关系(P < 0.001)。多元回归分析显示，婚姻状况、现有子代性别、领悟社会支持和总体幸福感均是再生育女性妊娠压力的重要影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论再生育女性妊娠压力总体处于轻度压力水平，社会支持能够减轻再生育女性妊娠压力，提高再生育女性的总体幸福感。因此，社会、政府以及医护人员应采取相关措施以降低再生育女性妊娠期压力，提高女性再生育意愿，促进母婴健康。
- 再生育女性 /
- 妊娠压力 /
- 社会支持 /
- 生育意愿
Abstract: Objective This study investigated and analyzed the influencing factors of pregnancy stress in women with re-fertility, and provided a reference for reducing pregnancy stress in women with re-fertility and improving women ' s willingness to regenerate. Methods From December 2022 to June 2023, 320 re-fertile women who underwent obstetric examination in the obstetric clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University and the Third People ' s Hospital of Bengbu City were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire, pregnancy stress scale, perceived social support scale and general well-being scale were used to examine the research objects. Results The pregnancy stress score was 0.533 (0.325, 0.808), the social support score was 62.000 (55.000, 72.000), and the general well-being score was 79.000 (71.000, 86.250). There were statistically significant differences in pregnancy stress among women with high-risk pregnancy, marital status, sex of existing offspring, and whether the pregnancy was a high-risk pregnancy (P < 0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that social support (r=-0.338) and general well-being (r=-0.364) were negatively correlated with pregnancy stress (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that marital status, sex of existing offspring, perceived social support and general well-being were important factors influencing pregnancy stress in women with re-fertility (P < 0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy stress in women with infertility is generally low. Social support can reduce the pregnancy stress of women with re-fertility and improve the overall well-being of women with re-fertility. Therefore, society, government and medical staff should take relevant measures to reduce the pregnancy stress of re-fertility women, improve women ' s willingness to reproduce, and promote maternal and child health.
- Reproductive women /
- Pregnancy pressure /
- Social support /
- Fertility desire

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表 1 再生育女性妊娠压力影响因素的单因素分析

Table 1. Univariate analysis of influencing factors of pregnancy stress in women with re-fertilityTable 1 Univariate analysis of factors influencing stress in women with re-pregnancy

项目	类别	例数(%)	妊娠压力[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), 分]	统计量	P值
年龄	＜25岁	22(7.10)	0.567(0.392, 0.833)	2.895^a	0.235
	25~35岁	223(71.94)	0.533(0.300, 0.800)
	＞35岁	65(20.97)	0.600(0.383, 0.850)
职业	国家机关、党群组织、企事业单位	59(19.03)	0.567(0.300, 0.767)	0.873^a	0.972
	专业技术人员	29(9.35)	0.533(0.383, 0.700)
	商业、服务业人员	44(14.19)	0.550(0.300, 0.817)
	农、林、牧、渔、水利业生产人员	3(0.97)	0.900(0.267, 1.000)
	无工作	139(44.84)	0.567(0.333, 0.800)
	其他	36(11.61)	0.516(0.208, 0.933)
婚姻状况	已婚	298(96.13)	0.567(0.333, 0.833)	6.676^a	0.036
	未婚	4(1.29)	0.400(0.200, 0.425)
	再婚	8(2.58)	0.233(0.167, 0.583)
文化程度	初中及以下	112(36.13)	0.567(0.342, 0.792)	2.613^a	0.455
	高中/中专	61(19.68)	0.600(0.300, 0.917)
	大专	65(20.97)	0.533(0.333, 0.850)
	本科及以上	72(23.23)	0.450(0.275, 0.725)
家庭月收入	≤3 000元	24(7.74)	0.617(0.433, 0.800)	3.333^a	0.343
	＞3 000~6 000元	91(29.35)	0.567(0.367, 0.867)
	＞6 000~10 000元	108(34.84)	0.533(0.267, 0.833)
	＞10 000元	87(28.06)	0.533(0.300, 0.700)
医保类型	居民医保	153(49.35)	0.533(0.300, 0.800)	-0.290^b	0.772
	其他医保	157(50.65)	0.567(0.333, 0.833)
胎次	二胎	241(77.74)	0.533(0.333, 0.833)	0.555^a	0.758
	三胎	60(19.35)	0.533(0.300, 0.758)
	四胎及以上	9(2.90)	0.533(0.300, 1.150)
现有子代性别	男	113(36.45)	0.600(0.383, 0.883)	10.044^a	0.007
	女	168(54.19)	0.500(0.275, 0.800)
	儿女双全	29(9.35)	0.433(0.217, 0.858)
生育间隔	< 2年	38(12.26)	0.483(0.350, 0.858)	1.149^a	0.474
	2~5年	112(36.13)	0.500(0.267, 0.792)
	>5年	160(51.61)	0.583(0.333, 0.800)
夫妻类型	双独生子女	11(3.55)	0.367(0.167, 0.933)	5.762^a	0.056
	单独生子女	71(22.90)	0.467(0.233, 0.700)
	双非独生子女	228(73.55)	0.567(0.367, 0.833)
是否为意外妊娠	是	126(40.65)	0.583(0.367, 0.867)	-1.561^b	0.118
	否	184(59.35)	0.533(0.275, 0.767)
生育后子代主要照顾者	夫妻	112(36.13)	0.533(0.267, 0.800)	0.375^a	0.945
	夫妻中的一方	122(39.35)	0.550(0.358, 0.800)
	祖辈照料	68(21.94)	0.533(0.333, 0.833)
	其他	8(2.58)	0.550(0.358, 0.776)
本次妊娠是否为高危妊娠	是	124(40.00)	0.600(0.375, 0.867)	-2.674^b	0.007
	否	186(60.00)	0.500(0.267, 0.767)
上一胎分娩方式	顺产	183(59.03)	0.500(0.300, 0.833)	-1.250^b	0.211
	剖腹产	127(40.97)	0.600(0.333, 0.800)
注：^a表示H值，^b表示Z值。

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表 2 自变量赋值情况

Table 2. The assignment of independent variables

自变量	赋值方法
婚姻状况	已婚=(0, 0)，未婚=(0, 1)，再婚=(1，0)；以已婚为参照
现有子代性别	女=(0, 0)，男=(0，1)，儿女双全=(1，0)；以女为参照
本次怀孕是否为高危妊娠	是=1；否=2

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表 3 再生育女性妊娠压力影响因素的多元回归分析

Table 3. Multiple regression analysis of the influencing factors of pregnancy stress in women with re-fertilityTable 3 Multiple regression analysis of factors influencing stress in women with re-pregnancy

自变量	B	SE	β	t值	P值
婚姻状况	-4.381	1.914	-0.119	-2.288	0.023
现有子代性别	-2.290	1.024	-0.115	-2.237	0.026
本次怀孕是否为高危妊娠	-2.154	1.282	-0.086	-1.679	0.094
SRSS	-0.171	0.053	-0.175	-3.264	0.001
GBW	-0.396	0.061	-0.347	-6.499	< 0.001

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