基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表的编制及信效度检验

赵佳丽; 刘鑫羽; 陈志华; 石潇洋; 高尚尚; 郭建军; 王彦

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003480

基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表的编制及信效度检验

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003480

1.
河北大学护理学院，河北保定 071000
2.
保定市莲池区退役军人事务局，河北保定 072750
3.
河北大学体育教学部，河北保定 071000
4.
天津中医药大学护理学院，天津 300193
5.
首都体育学院，北京 100091

基金项目:

河北省社会科学基金项目 HB21TY016

详细信息

通讯作者:
王彦，E-mail：chjanwy@163.com

中图分类号: R195 R161.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-29

Development and reliability and validity test of scale on adult scientific fitness literacy under the integration of sports and medicine

1.
School of Nursing, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的基于体医融合思想编制成年人科学健身素养评价量表，并对所编制量表进行信、效度检验，为评价成年人科学健身素养提供测评工具。方法以课题组前期构建的体医融合背景下成年人科学健身素养指标体系为基础，将三级指标转化为量表的具体条目，通过专家咨询评价量表内容效度和小样本预实验进行量表的语言调试；采用便利抽样法选取18~59岁成年人进行问卷调查，将回收的581份有效问卷分为2个部分，其中300份样本用于条目筛选，281份样本用于信效度检验。结果经专家评定、条目筛选，最终确定了基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表包含科学健身知识、科学健身态度、科学健身行为与技能3个维度，共53个条目。内容效度指数S-CVI/Ave为0.981，I-CVI为0.833~1.000；通过探索性因子分析，提取3个公因子，累积方差贡献率为52.26%；通过验证性因子分析，提示模型与数据拟合良好(χ²/df=2.054, RMSEA=0.061，SRMR=0.049, IFI=0.882, TLI=0.876, CFI=0.881)，支持三因子模型；总量表Cronbach' s α系数为0.964，2周后总量表的重测信度为0.871。结论本研究中编制的基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表具有良好的信度和效度，可用于评价成年人科学健身素养水平。
- 科学健身素养 /
- 体医融合 /
- 成年人 /
- 量表 /
- 信效度
Abstract: Objective To develop the scientific fitness literacy scale for adults based on the idea of integration of sports and medicine and to test the reliability and validity of the scale, that will provide an evaluation tool for the assessment for adult scientific fitness literacy. Methods Based on the evaluation index system of adult scientific fitness literacy previously constructed by the research group, the three-level indicators were transformed into the specific items of the scale. The content validity of the scale was preliminarily formed through expert consultation and language debugging of scale in small sample preliminary experiment. Convenience sampling method was used to select adults between 18 and 59 years old for questionnaire survey. The 581 valid questionnaires were divided into two parts, of which 300 samples were used for item screening and 281 samples were used to test the reliability and validity. Results Scientific fitness literacy scale consisted of three dimensions of scientific fitness knowledge, scientific fitness attitude, scientific fitness behavior and skills, with a total of 53 items. The S-CVI/Ave of the scale was 0.981 and I-CVI ranged from 0.833 to 1.000. The exploratory factor analysis identified three principal factors and explained for 52.26% variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitted well with the data (χ²/df=2.054, RMSEA=0.061, SRMR=0.049, IFI=0.882, TLI=0.876, CFI=0.881), supporting the three-factor model. The Cronbach' s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.964, and the test-retest reliability was 0.871 for the overall scale after two weeks. Conclusion The scientific fitness literacy scale for adults has good reliability and validity. It can be used to assess adult scientific fitness literacy.
- Scientific fitness literacy /
- The integration of sports and medicine /
- Adult /
- Scale /
- Reliability and validity

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图 1 量表因子分析碎石图

Figure 1. Scale factor analysis lithotripsy

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表 1 581例研究对象的一般资料[例(%)]

Table 1. General information of 581 subjects[cases(%)]

变量	类别	条目筛选样本 (n=300)	信效度检验样本 (n=281)
年龄(岁)	18~35	165(55.0)	125(44.5)
	36~59	135(45.0)	156(55.5)
文化程度	高中及以下	53(17.7)	56(19.9)
	专科	31(10.3)	48(17.1)
	本科	193(64.3)	157(55.9)
	硕士及以上	23(7.7)	20(7.1)
现居住地	农村	103(34.3)	81(28.8)
	乡镇	10(3.3)	11(3.9)
	县城	82(27.4)	92(32.8)
	市区	105(35.0)	97(34.5)
婚姻状况	未婚	131(43.7)	87(31.0)
	已婚	165(55.0)	187(66.5)
	其他	4(1.3)	7(2.5)
健康自评状况	良好	115(38.3)	134(47.7)
	一般	159(53.0)	131(46.6)
	较差	26(8.7)	16(5.7)

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表 2 基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表因子载荷矩阵(n=300)

Table 2. Factor load matrix of adult scientific fitness literacy evaluation scale based on the idea of integrating physical medicine(n=300)

条目	因子1	因子2	因子3
1.运动前要进行全面评估^a	0.383	0.364	-0.180
2.选择合适的运动类型^a	0.102	0.608	-0.091
3.运动要达到一定的强度、时间和频率^a	-0.020	0.696	-0.077
4.运动要循序渐进^a	-0.085	0.723	0.024
5.运动要全面^a	0.059	0.660	-0.048
6.运动要长期坚持^a	-0.112	0.722	0.050
7.我能够判断常见的基本运动类型^a	0.572	0.392	-0.249
8.运动类型需要多样化^a	0.320	0.592	-0.210
9.坚持运动，同时避免久坐^a	0.008	0.681	0.090
10.运动前后要有热身和放松活动^a	-0.057	0.796	-0.056
11.不同年龄阶段的运动效应不同^a	0.114	0.746	-0.151
12.不同运动类型的健康效应不同^a	0.117	0.788	-0.082
13.运动时间的选择需考虑血糖、血压的变化^a	0.309	0.587	-0.180
14.运动中可小口、少量饮水^a	0.199	0.590	0.011
15.运动后根据运动目的补充营养^a	0.148	0.694	-0.092
16.运动前中后均不宜饮酒^a	0.175	0.485	0.098
17.运动时穿舒适的服装^a	-0.208	0.689	0.209
18.空腹或饱餐后不做高强度运动^a	-0.171	0.645	0.179
19.身体不适时暂停运动^a	-0.108	0.665	0.189
20.运动中出现不适感，立刻停止运动^a	-0.186	0.663	0.213
21.睡前不做剧烈运动^a	0.036	0.577	0.111
22.运动在一定程度上可替代药物^a	0.315	0.413	-0.118
23.服药期间运动要咨询专业人员^a	0.063	0.553	0.047
25.认同健康包括躯体、心理、社会和道德健康^a	-0.281	0.555	0.370
26.认同运动能维持和促进健康^a	-0.269	0.557	0.388
28.认同运动不足会增加患病风险^a	-0.023	0.531	0.121
29.希望坚持运动^a	0.184	-0.048	0.688
30.会主动参与运动^a	0.242	-0.065	0.739
31.希望学习科学运动的知识和技能^a	-0.059	-0.009	0.803
32.希望有专业人员指导运动^a	-0.127	0.129	0.634
33.运动后感到精神放松^a	-0.064	0.087	0.748
34.喜欢参加运动^a	0.279	-0.043	0.649
35.很开心在运动中能结识朋友^a	0.219	0.009	0.540
36.运动后心情愉悦^a	0.081	0.116	0.668
37.运动前请专业人员评估^a	0.788	-0.062	-0.111
38.有专业人员制定运动计划^a	0.789	-0.033	-0.115
40.运动前进行了热身活动^a	0.546	0.164	-0.111
41.每周进行多种类型的运动^a	0.851	-0.061	-0.155
42.每次有氧运动都感觉到出汗、心率呼吸加快^a	0.710	-0.014	0.138
43.通过心率、呼吸及用力程度判断运动强度^a	0.601	0.061	0.033
44.每周3~5 d有氧运动^a	0.795	-0.180	0.122
45.每次进行的有氧运动为30~60 min中等强度或20~60 min的剧烈强度或中高强度的组合^a	0.862	-0.148	0.214
46.每周2~3 d抗阻运动^a	0.888	-0.195	0.199
47.运动过程中会调整呼吸，避免用力时憋气^a	0.481	-0.003	0.073
48.循序渐进地调整运动强度和时间^a	0.483	0.081	0.049
49.运动后做放松活动^a	0.422	0.221	0.347
50.根据运动后感受调整计划^a	0.496	0.058	0.232
52.知道怎样避免运动损伤^a	0.747	0.023	0.230
53.能够判断运动是否对自己有损伤^a	0.626	0.137	0.292
54.掌握了至少2种有氧运动的技能^a	0.761	0.055	0.001
55.掌握主要部位抗阻运动动作要领^a	0.812	-0.017	0.019
56.掌握主要部位柔韧运动动作要领^a	0.769	-0.037	-0.038
57.掌握至少2种平衡运动的动作要领^a	0.740	0.024	-0.050
注：条目1经讨论后予以保留；^a表示量表简化版内容，详细条目见《体医融合背景下成年人科学健身素养量表的编制及信效度检验》硕士论文附录六^[15]。

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表 3 基于体医融合思想的成年人科学健身素养评价量表模型适配指标(n=281)

Table 3. Model adaptation index of adult scientific fitness literacy evaluation scale based on the idea of integrating physical medicine (n=281)

统计检验量	检验结果数据	可接受范围
卡方自由度比(χ²/df)	2.054	＜3.0
近似误差均方根(RMSEA)	0.061	＜0.08
标准化均方根误差(SRMR)	0.049	＜0.05
增值拟合指数(IFI)	0.882	＞0.9
Tucker-Lewis指数(TLI)	0.876	＞0.9
比较拟合指数(CFI)	0.881	＞0.8

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