基于时机理论的极超低出生体重儿家庭支持护理需求的质性研究

肖娟; 凌雅; 黄金华

doi:10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003694

基于时机理论的极超低出生体重儿家庭支持护理需求的质性研究

doi: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.003694

肖娟¹,
凌雅^1, ,,
黄金华²

1.
安徽医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科，安徽合肥 230022
2.
合肥市第一人民医院新生儿科，安徽合肥 230000

基金项目:

安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目 202104j07020056

详细信息

通讯作者:
凌雅，E-mail：1156678416@qq.com

中图分类号: R473.72 R473.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 19
- HTML全文浏览量: 12
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-18

Qualitative study on family support care needs of very low birth weight infant parents based on timing it right theory

1.
Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解极超低出生体重儿父母的家庭支持护理需求对极超低出生体重儿的康复和成长有重要意义，本研究基于时机理论开展NICU极超低出生体重儿父母不同阶段的家庭支持护理需求分析，了解极超低出生体重儿的家庭支持护理需求现状，为构建极超低出生体重儿家庭支持护理方案提供参考依据。方法基于时机理论，将极超低出生体重儿的病程分为NICU住院期、出院过渡期及出院居家期3个不同时期；采用现象学研究方法，于2021年10月—2022年4月，选取安徽医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科住院治疗的3个不同时期的极超低出生体重儿父母为研究对象，对其进行半结构式访谈，最终访谈极超低出生体重儿父亲/母亲共42名。应用Colaizzi现象学研究法对访谈资料进行整理和分析。结果结合时机理论的不同时期提炼主题，可归纳出3个主题，(1)NICU住院期：担心，需要更多信息支持；(2)出院过渡期：紧张，希望提供技术支持；(3)出院居家期：从容，希望获取出院支持。结论 NICU极超低出生体重儿父母家庭支持护理需求是一个复杂、动态的过程，极超低出生体重儿处于不同的病程阶段，其父母家庭支持护理需求也会随之变化，医护人员应根据其不同阶段的需求，给予专业性和针对性的指导及帮助，以提高极超低出生体重儿父母的育儿信心和育儿能力，促进极超低出生体重儿的健康成长。
- 时机理论 /
- 极超低出生体重儿 /
- 早产儿 /
- 家庭支持护理
Abstract: Objective Recognizing the significance of parental family support in promoting the recovery and development of very low birth weight infants, this study applies the timing it right theory to analyze the nursing needs for family support among parents of very low birth weight infants at different stages in NICU. The aim is to gain insights into the current status of family support requirements for these infants and provide valuable guidance for developing effective family support nursing programs. Methods Based on timing it right theory, the disease course of very low birth weight infants was divided into three periods: NICU hospitalization period, discharge transition period and discharge home period. Using the phenomenological research method, the parents of very low birth weight Infants in three different periods who were hospitalized in the neonatal department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University parents of very low birth weight infants in these three different periods were selected as research objects from October 2021 to April 2022, and semi-structured interviews were conducted on them. A total of 42 fathers/mothers of very low birth weight infants were finally interviewed. Colaizzi phenomenological method was used to sort out and analyze the interview data. Results Combining different periods of timing it right theory to extract themes, three themes can be summarized: (1) NICU hospitalization, feeling worried and in need of more information support; (2) Discharge transition, feeling nervous and hoping for technical support; (3) Discharge home period, feeling calm and hoping to obtain discharge support. Conclusion Providing supportive care for parents of very low birth weight infant in NICU is a complex and dynamic process. As premature babies progress through different stages of their illness, the support needs of their family also change. Medical professionals should provide professional and specific guidance and assistance based on these changing demands to enhance the parenting confidence and ability of parents with very low birth weight infants, thereby promoting healthy growth.
- Timing it right theory /
- Very low birth weight infant /
- Infant /
- Family support care
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表 1 极超低出生体重儿及其父母基本情况

Table 1. Overview of very low birth weight infants and their parents

项目	类别	例数(%)
早产儿	胎龄(周)
	<32	32(76.2)
	32~37	10(23.8)
	出生体重(g)
	<1 000	13(31.0)
	1 000~1 499	29(69.0)
	住院时间(d)
	<30	5(11.9)
	30~60	32(76.2)
	＞60	5(11.9)
	分娩方式
	自然分娩	9(21.4)
	剖宫产	33(78.6)
父母	性别
	男性	23(54.8)
	女性	19(45.2)
	年龄(岁)
	20~30	21(50.0)
	31~40	21(50.0)
	文化程度
	高中及以下	22(52.4)
	专科	9(21.4)
	本科及以上	11(26.2)
	居住地
	农村	19(45.2)
	城镇	9(21.4)
	城市	14(33.4)
	家庭月收入水平(元)
	5 000~7 999	8(19.0)
	8 000~9 999	20(47.6)
	10 000~15 000	14(33.4)
	家庭结构
	核心家庭	18(42.9)
	主干家庭	24(57.1)

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